Respiratorio

Question 1

What are the vital functions of the respiratory system?

Answer 1

Conducción de aire, filtración de aire, hematosis

These functions are essential for gas exchange and maintaining homeostasis.

Question 2

What is the primary role of the nasal cavity?

Answer 2

Humidificación, filtración y calentamiento del aire

The nasal cavity also aids in the detection of odors through specialized epithelium.

Question 3

Name the regions of the nasal cavity.

Answer 3

• Vestíbulo nasal
• Región olfatoria
• Región respiratoria

These regions serve different functions in the respiratory process.

Question 4

What type of epithelium lines the vestibule nasal?

Answer 4

Epitelio plano estratificado queratinizado

This epithelium provides protection and is adapted to withstand friction.

Question 5

What are the main cell types in the respiratory region of the nasal cavity?

Answer 5

• Células ciliadas
• Células calciformes
• Células basales
• Células de cepillo
• Células de Kulchitsky

These cells play roles in mucus production, protection, and sensory functions.

Question 6

True or False: The olfactory region contains goblet cells.

Answer 6

False

The olfactory region is specialized and does not have goblet cells.

Question 7

What are the functions of the olfactory receptor cells?

Answer 7

Detectar olores

These cells are neuroepithelial and are crucial for the sense of smell.

Question 8

What structures make up the pharynx?

Answer 8

• Nasopharynx
• Oropharynx
• Laryngopharynx

The pharynx serves as a passageway for air and food.

Question 9

What type of epithelium is found in the nasopharynx?

Answer 9

Epitelio pseudoestratificado cilíndrico ciliado con células caliciformes

This epithelium aids in the respiratory function of the nasopharynx.

Question 10

What is the histological structure of the larynx?

Answer 10

• Superficie luminal de las cuerdas vocales: plano estratificado
• Resto de la laringe: cilíndrico pseudoestratificado ciliado

This arrangement allows for both protection and efficient air passage.

Question 11

What is the role of Clara cells in the bronchioles?

Answer 11

Producen la proteína secretora de la célula de Clara y un tipo de surfactante

Clara cells help prevent the collapse of alveoli and bronchioles.

Question 12

What is the composition of the alveolar-capillary barrier?

Answer 12

• Delgadez
• Superficie extensa
• Barrera hematogaseosa

This barrier is essential for efficient gas exchange in the lungs.

Question 13

Fill in the blank: The _______ are sites where hematosis occurs.

Answer 13

Alveolos

Alveoli are crucial for oxygen and carbon dioxide exchange.

Question 14

What types of cells are found in alveoli?

Answer 14

• Neumocitos tipo I
• Neumocitos tipo II
• Macrófagos alveolares

These cells are vital for maintaining alveolar function and immune response.

Question 15

What is the main function of macrophages in the alveoli?

Answer 15

Fagocitan eritrocitos y partículas extrañas

Macrophages help protect the alveoli from infection and clear debris.

Question 16

What is the structure of the trachea?

Answer 16

• Epitelio cilíndrico ciliado pseudoestratificado
• Túnica mucosa
• Túnica submucosa
• Cartílago hialino
• Túnica adventicia

The trachea supports airway patency and facilitates airflow.

Question 17

What is the difference between bronchi and bronchioles?

Answer 17

Bronquios tienen cartílago hialino; bronquiolos carecen de cartílago

This structural difference affects their function and airway resistance.

Question 18

What type of epithelium transitions from the trachea to the alveoli?

Answer 18

• Epitelio cilíndrico pseudoestratificado ciliado
• Epitelio cúbico simple
• Epitelio plano simple

This transition is crucial for efficient gas exchange.