Respiratiory System

Question 1

What are the 12 parts of the respiratory system

Answer 1

nose,
pharynx,
larynx,
trachea,
bronchi,
bronchioles,
alveoli,
diaphragm,
intercostal muscles,
lungs,
pleura,
epiglottis

Question 2

What is the main function of respiratory system

Answer 2

Move fresh air into body while removing waste gas

Question 3

What is the structure and function of the nasal cavity

Answer 3

Structure It is lined with a moist, thin layer of tissue called the nasal mucosa.

Function The nasal cavity helps to warm, humidify, and filter the air we breathe.

Question 4

What is the epiglottis

Answer 4

The epiglottis is a flap of tissue that prevents food from going down the wrong pipe.

Question 5

What’s the pleura

Answer 5

The pleura is a thin, double-layered membrane that surrounds the lungs and lines the chest cavity. It helps to protect and lubricate the lungs during breathing.

Question 6

What are the intercostal muscle

Answer 6

The intercostal muscles are the muscles located between the ribs. They help with the expansion and contraction of the chest during breathing.

Question 7

What is the diaphragm

Answer 7

The diaphragm is a dome-shaped muscle located below the lungs. It plays a crucial role in breathing by contracting and relaxing to help with inhalation and exhalation.

Question 8

What is the alveoli

Answer 8

The alveoli are like little air sacs in your lungs. They help you breathe by taking in oxygen and releasing carbon dioxide

Question 9

What are bronchioles

Answer 9

Bronchioles are small airways in your lungs that branch out from the bronchi. They help transport air to the alveoli.

Question 10

What are bronchi

Answer 10

The bronchi are the main airways in your lungs that branch off from the trachea. They help carry air in and out of your lungs.

Question 11

What is the trachea

Answer 11

The trachea is like a tube in your throat that helps you breathe. It’s also called the windpipe.

Question 12

What is the larynx

Answer 12

The larynx, also known as the voice box, is a part of your throat that helps you produce sound and speak. It contains your vocal cords.

Question 13

What is the pharynx

Answer 13

The pharynx is like a passage in your throat that connects your nose, mouth, and esophagus. It helps with swallowing and breathing.

Question 14

What’s the arrangement and function of cartilage in trachea

Answer 14

Arrangement is C-shaped rings of cartilage that help keep it open and supported. This allows for smooth airflow when you breathe.

Question 15

function of cartilage in bronchi and bronchioles

Answer 15

The cartilage helps maintain the shape and structure of these airways, allowing for smooth airflow during breathing.

Question 16

What’s the function of ciliates epithelium in trachea

Answer 16

The ciliated epithelium in the trachea helps to move mucus and trapped particles out of the airway. It’s like a cleaning crew that keeps your airways clear

Question 17

Summarise ventilation process (Breathing process)

Answer 17

• Inhalation: Diaphragm contracts, chest expands, and air enters the lungs.
• Oxygen Exchange: Oxygen is absorbed into the bloodstream and transported to cells.
• Exhalation: Diaphragm relaxes, chest contracts, and carbon dioxide is expelled from the lungs.
• Waste Removal: Carbon dioxide is exhaled
• Continuous Cycle: repeat

Question 18

Describe how alveoli are adapted to carry out their function 111

Answer 18

They are small air sacks with thin membrane (one cell thick)which carry out gas’s exchange with o2 and co2

Question 19

Describe how breathing rate is regulating 111

Answer 19

Messages from the brain control the rate of breathing .

If there is high co2 lv..there is an increase in breathing .

If there is low co2 lv …there is an decrease in breathing

Parasympathetic nervous system slows down intercostal muscles to slow down breathing

Question 20

Describe the function of the diaphragm 111

Answer 20

Increase volume of chest by contracting

Question 21

Describe the function of the intercostal muscles 111

Answer 21

Lower pressure on chest by lifting ribs

Question 22

Describe the role of air passages in the nose 111

Answer 22

Filters air

Warms air

Question 23

Explain how asthma affects someone’s ability to breath 111

Answer 23

Asthma causes the upper air passages to constrict.

As a result it’s harder to breathe

The constricted airways can cause wheezing

Question 24

Explain how body systems work together to ensure ventilation to the lungs 111

Answer 24

The nervous system detects the CO2 levels in the circulatory system through CO2 receptors in the brain.

When the CO2 levels are too high, it sends a message to increase breath rate

The circulatory system then carries the CO2 from the muscles back to the lungs to be exhaled.

Question 25

Explain how the respiratory muscles allow ventilation of the lungs 111

Answer 25

Intercostal muscles tense and lifts rib cage thus increasing volume of the chest and making inhalation

Intercostal muscle relax thus lowering rib cage -decreasing volume in chest - causing exhaustion

Question 26

Explain the effects of smoking on the body systems 111

Answer 26

Tar prevents cilia moving leading to more infections- lead to COPD which affects the lungs

Nicotine causes vasoconstriction, affects circulatory system -puts pressure on respiratory system

Question 27

Explain 2 symptoms of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Answer 27

Chest pain due to irritated air way

Dizziness due to lack of o2