Respiration System Flashcards
What is the primary function of the human respiratory system?
To facilitate the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide.
True or False: The diaphragm is a muscle that plays a crucial role in breathing.
True
Fill in the blank: The __________ are the main organs of the respiratory system.
lungs
What is the pathway of air during inhalation?
Nasal cavity → pharynx → larynx → trachea → bronchi → lungs
What is the name of the tiny air sacs in the lungs where gas exchange occurs?
Alveoli
Multiple Choice: Which structure is responsible for producing sound?
Larynx
What is the role of the cilia in the respiratory system?
To trap and move particles out of the airways.
True or False: The respiratory system is responsible for the digestion of food.
False
What gas do we primarily inhale?
Oxygen
What gas do we primarily exhale?
Carbon dioxide
Multiple Choice: Which part of the brain regulates breat
Medulla oblongata
Fill in the blank: The __________ is a tube that connects the throat to the lungs.
trachea
What is the function of the pleura?
To provide lubrication and reduce friction between the lungs and chest wall.
True or False: The respiratory system also helps regulate body temperature.
True
What is the term for the volume of air inhaled or exhaled during normal breathing?
Tidal volume
Multiple Choice: Which condition is characterized by difficulty in breathing?
Asthma
What role does surfactant play in the lungs?
It reduces surface tension in the alveoli, preventing collapse.
Fill in the blank: The __________ divides the thoracic cavity from the abdominal cavity.
diaphragm
What is the primary muscle used in inhalation?
Diaphragm
True or False: The right lung is smaller than the left lung.
False
What are the two main branches of the trachea called?
Bronchi
Multiple Choice: Which respiratory condition is caused by long-term exposure to irritants?
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
What is the purpose of the nasal cavity?
To filter, warm, and humidify the air.
Fill in the blank: The exchange of gases occurs in the __________.
alveoli
True or False: The respiratory system has no role in the immune response.
False
What is the main function of the bronchial tubes?
To carry air to and from the lungs.
What is the total lung capacity (TLC)?
The total volume of air the lungs can hold.
True or False: The vital capacity (VC) includes residual volume.
False
Fill in the blank: The _____ is the maximum amount of air that can be exhaled after a maximum inhalation.
vital capacity
What is the definition of tidal volume (TV)?
The amount of air inhaled or exhaled during normal breathing.
Which lung capacity is measured during normal breathing?
Tidal volume (TV)
What does inspiratory reserve volume (IRV) measure?
The amount of air that can be inhaled after a normal inhalation.
What is expiratory reserve volume (ERV)?
The amount of air that can be forcibly exhaled after a normal exhalation.
True or False: Residual volume (RV) can be voluntarily exhaled.
False
Which lung capacity can be affected by restrictive lung diseases?
Total lung capacity (TLC)
What is the typical tidal volume for a healthy adult at rest?
Approximately 500 mL
What is the role of residual volume (RV) in the lungs?
To prevent lung collapse by keeping the alveoli open.
Fill in the blank: The _____ is the maximum volume of air that can be inhaled after a normal expiration.
inspiratory capacity
What is the normal range for total lung capacity in adults?
Approximately 6 liters
What is the significance of measuring lung capacities?
To assess respiratory function and diagnose lung diseases.
Which lung capacity is primarily measured during pulmonary function tests?
Vital capacity (VC)
True or False: Lung capacities can be influenced by age, gender, and physical fitness.
True
What is the primary component of lung volume that cannot be measured by spirometry?
Residual volume (RV)
What does a decreased vital capacity indicate?
Possible restrictive lung disease or reduced lung function.
Fill in the blank: The _____ is the volume of air remaining in the lungs after a maximal exhalation.
residual volume
What is the difference between lung capacity and lung volume?
Lung capacity refers to the maximum amount of air the lungs can hold, while lung volume is the amount of air present in the lungs at a given time.
True or False: Lung capacities are the same for all individuals regardless of size or health.
False
