Respiration & phonation & articulation Flashcards
in the boney structure for respiration, what is the anterior part?
sternum
in the boney structure for respiration, what is the posterior part?
spine
in the boney structure for respiration, what is the superior part?
pectoral/clavicular girdle
in the boney structure for respiration, what is the inferior part?
pelvic girdle
in the boney structure for respiration, what is the lateral part?
ribs
what do we expand in order to breathe?
our thoracic cavity
lungs adhere to the cavity because of what?
surface tension
What are the primary muscles of inhalation?
diaphragm & external intercostals
what does the diaphragm innervate?
phrenic nerve
Contraction increases the cavity which results in?
negative pressure and air rushes in
because contraction increases the cavity what does this create and what is the result?
negative pressure & air rushes in
what are the primary muscles for forced exhalation?
abdominals & internal intercostals
for passive exhalation what forces are working together?
torque, elasticity, and gravity
________ of muscles of inspiration is used to extend exhalation during speech.
checking action
What is subglottal pressure?
the pressure inferior to the vocal folds
what must you increase to increase volume/loudness?
increase pressure
How do you increase pitch?
by decreasing mass and increasing tension
what is the psychological correlate of frequency?
pitch
what is the psychological correlate of pressure?
loudness
What is approximating the true vocal folds?
adduction
What innervates the muscles of the larynx?
Cranial Nerve X
What are the options when a person has a total laryngectomy?
- electrolarynx
- esophageal speech
- tracheoesophageal speech
What happens when the epiglottis doesn’t invert?
Aspiration concern for swallowing problems
what is the only abductor of the vocal folds?
posterior cricoarytenoid
What are the four phases of swallow?
oral prepatory phase
oral phase
pharyngeal phase
esophageal phase
What phases are difficult to assess at bedside?
pharyngeal phase
esophageal phase
What phase is basically beyond the scope of the SLP and is involuntary?
esophageal phase
When you have Cranial Nerve VII damage, what speech sounds would we have problems with?
p,b,m,
any labial sounds!
What speech sounds are associated with CNXII?
all of them!
What speech sounds are associated with CN X & XI?
pressure sounds
shh, z, f, k, d,
What is the Bernoulli effect?
given a constant flow of air at a point of constriction perpendicular to the flow of air, there will be a decrease in air pressure perpendicular to that flow.
