Respiration organization 16.1 Flashcards
The respiratory system consists of two parts, what are they?
Upper and lower respiration
What does the upper respiratory system consist of?
Nose, pharynx and associated structures
What does the lower respiratory system consist of?
Larynx, trachea, bronchi and lungs
The respiratory system can be divided into two parts based on function what are they?
Conducting zone and respiratory zone
What does the conducting zone consist of?
interconnecting cavities and tubes; nose pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles and terminal bronchioles
What does the respiratory zone consist of?
tissue within the lungs where gas exchange occurs. Bronchioles, alveolar ducts, alveolar sacs and alveoli.
What are the two portions of the nose?
External and internal nose
What does the external nose consist of?
bone and cartilage covered with skin and lined with mucous membrane
what does the Internal nose consist of?
Connects to the throat through two opening called the nares
What are the 4 paranasal sinuses
Frontal
Maxillary
Sphenoid
Ethmoidal
What are the basic functions of the nose?
Filtering, warming, moistening incoming air
Smell
Modifying the vibrations of speech sound
What cells produce mucous?
Goblet cells
Describe the pharynx or throat:
Funnel shaped tube that starts at the internal nares and extends down the neck
What does the laryngopharynx connect?
Esophagus and larynx
Describe the larynx:
Connect larynx with trachea
4-6 cervical vertebrae
Describe the epiglottis:
A large leaf shaped piece of elastic cartilage that is covered with epithelium
keeps food and water from going into the respiratory system
Define the Trachea:
Extends from larynx to upper part of the fifth thoracic
Divides into right and left bronchi at T-5
Consists of 16-20 rings
Do the primary bronchi contain complete rings?
No they do not
The left lung is ____% smaller than the right?
10%
What are the fissures of the lungs?
Oblique and horizontal fissures in the Right
Oblique fissure in the left lung only
What are the respiratory bronchioles?
microscopic branches of terminal bronchioles
Define alveolar ducts:
Subdivisions of respiratory bronchioles
What are alveolar sacs:
2 or more alveoli that share a common opening to the alveolar duct
Define Alveoli:
cup shaped outpouching of an alveolar sac.
The walls of the alveoli consist of alveolar cells which are simple squamous epithelial cells
What are the surfactant cells responsible for?
- A mixture of phospholipids and lipoproteins that reduce the collapse of the alveoli
- secrets alveolar fluid which keeps the surface between the cells and the air moist
