Respiration (Gas Exchange) Flashcards
Also referred to as Respiratory Exchange or Respiration, is the process of organisms acquiring oxygen (O2) from the environment and releasing carbon dioxide (C02) in animals and vice versa for plants.
Gas Exchange
Function of Gas Exchange
acquire oxygen and release carbon dioxide and is mostly associated with the circulatory system
Respiration of Fishes:
Gills
During inhalation, the mouth of the fish opens and the gills are closed. During exhalation, the mouth of the fish is closed and the gills are open.
Respiration of Annelids:
Through Skin
Respiration of Vertebrate:
Lungs/alveoli
Respiration of Insects:
Tracheal system (independent of the animals’ open circulatory system)
Recite the ROUTE OF AIR through the respiratory system
nose → nasal cavity → pharynx → larynx → trachea → bronchi → bronchioles → alveoli
A chronic inflammatory disease that causes breathing problems due to narrowed airways from inflammation or mucus blockage.
Asthma
Sacs (alveoli) lose elasticity and become damaged, reducing the lung’s ability to transfer oxygen to the blood.
Emphysema
Caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, spreads through airborne germs from person to person.
Tuberculosis
PLANTS
Gas exchange can occur in ___, ____, and primarily in ___.
roots, stems, leaves
are tiny pores in plant tissue that open and close to enable gas exchange which helps in photosynthesis.
Stomata
Control the opening and closing of the stomata.
pair of guard cells
When the stomata are open, the guard cells are swollen and when it is closed, the guard cells are shrunken. This can be accomplished with the help of ____________ which manipulates turgor pressure.
Abscisic acid (ABA)
The rate of diffusion depends on surface ____ and ____
area, distance
It is where the air is warmed, humidified, and surveyed for particulates
Nasal Cavity
an intersection where the paths for air and food cross
Pharynx
is a ring-like muscular tube that acts as the passageway for air. ●
Sounds are produced when muscles in the ____ are tensed, stretching the cords so that they vibrate.
larynx
functions to warm, moisten, and screen out foreign particles and distribute them to the gas-exchanging zone of the lung
Bronchi
It funnels the inhaled air to the lungs and the exhaled air out of the body. ●
Propels foreign particles trapped in the mucus toward the pharynx.
Tracheal Systems
Where gas exchange in mammals occurs
Alveoli
act as an alternative pathway for gas exchange for thick and woody stems.
Lenticels
functions to warm, moisten, and screen out foreign particles and distribute them to the gas-exchanging zone of the lung.
Bronchi
Mouth is open, gill cover closed
water + oxygen
Inhaling
Aquatic animals, such as fish and prawns, primarily respire through?
gills
Mouth is closed, gill cover open
Water + CO2
Exhaling
Insects like cockroaches, grasshoppers, transportation of gas or gaseous exchange take place by a special type of fine tube called
tracheae
Are air-filled sac-like structure in the chest cavity
exchanging oxygen from the air with carbon dioxide from the bloodstream with the help of alveoli
Lungs
ANNELIDS
Tapeworms, earthworms, and leeches use their ____ for the exchange of gases
Many capillaries are spread on the ?
skin
