Nervous System Flashcards
The______transmits signals between the brain and the rest of the body, including internal organs. In this way, the _______ activity controls the ability to move, breathe, see, think, and more.
nervous system
brain and spinal cord
Central Nervous System
cranial nerves and spinal nerves that carry information in and out of the CNS.
which consists of the neurons and parts of neurons found outside of the CNS, includes sensory neurons and motor neurons.
Peripheral Nervous System
conveys impulses to the central nervous system from sensory receptors located in various parts of the body.
Sensory (afferent)
carries impulses from the CNS to effector organs, muscles, and glands. These impulses activate muscles and glands.
Motor (efferent)
allows us to consciously, or voluntarily, control our skeletal muscles.
Somatic Nervous System
regulates events that are automatic, or involuntary, such as the activity of smooth and cardiac muscles and glands.
Autonomic Nervous System
responds to stress and is responsible for the increase of your heartbeat and blood pressure, among other physiological changes, along with the sense of excitement you may feel due to the increase of adrenaline in your system.
Sympathetic
is evident when you rest or feel relaxed and is responsible for such things as the constriction of the pupil, the slowing of the heart, the dilation of the blood vessels, and the stimulation of the digestive and urinary systems.
Parasympathetic
It receives information from our senses and controls our thoughts and movements.
Brain
What are the parts of the brain
Diencephalon/interbrain
Brain Stem
Cerebellum
Cerebrum
Left Hemisphere
Right Hemisphere
relay station for sensory impulses passing upward to the sensory cortex.
Thalamus
Referred as the Main Input center, as it regulates information form our body before sending to our cerebral cortex.
o plays a role in sleep, wakefulness, consciousness, learning and memory.
Thalamus
All information from your body’s senses (except smell) must be processed through your ___ before being sent to your brain’s cerebral cortex for interpretation.
Thalamus
plays a role in sleep, wakefulness, consciousness, learning and memory.
Thalamus
important autonomic nervous system center because it plays a role in the regulation of body temperature, water balance, and metabolism.
Hypothalamus
the center for many drives and emotions For example, thirst, appetite, sex, pain, and pleasure centers are in the ___.
hypothalamus
Its main function is to keep your body in a stable state called homeostasis
HypoThalamus
connects the brain to the spinal cord.
responsible for regulating many basic life functions
brain stem
What are the 3 parts of brain stem
Midbrain
Medulla Oblongata
Pons
relay system, transmitting information necessary for vision and hearing.
receives and integrate several types of sensory information and sends it to specific regions of the forebrain
Midbrain
plays an important role in motor movement, pain, and the sleep/wake cycle.
Midbrain
Contains centers that control heart rate, blood pressure, breathing, swallowing, and vomiting, among others.
Medulla Oblongata
have important nuclei involved in the control of breathing.
Pons
Send motor commands from the brain to the body
Coordinate reflexes
Send sensory information from the body to the brain
Spinal Cord
provides the precise timing for skeletal muscle activity and controls our balance and equilibrium.
responsible for coordinating muscle activities, including movement and balance.
Cerebellum
If the cerebellum is damaged (for example, by a blow to the head, a tumor, or a stroke), movements become clumsy and disorganized—a condition called _____.
ataxia
The largest part of the brain, the _____ initiates and coordinates movement and regulates temperature.
Cerebrum
[Cerebral Hemispheres]
The ___ brain is associated with logic, analytical thinking, and language processing.
left
[Cerebral Hemispheres]
The ____ brain is linked with creativity, intuition, and holistic thinking.
right
Functions: Speech, memory, logical and emotional response, as well as consciousness, interpretation of sensation, and voluntary movement.
Cerebral Cortex
Four regions of the Cerebral cortex
Frontal Lobe
Temporal Lobe
Parietal Lobe
Occipital Lobe
is for personality and emotions, higher thinking skills, like problem solving; and controlling movement. It continues to develop until you are in your mid 20s.
CRITICAL THINKING
FRONTAL LOBE
helps process your hearing and other senses, and helps with language and reading.
HEARING
TEMPORAL LOBE
Involved with your senses, attention, and language.
SENSES
PARIETAL LOBE
helps your eyes see, including recognition of shapes and colors.
SIGHT
OCCIPITAL LOBE
Hemisphere
controls speech, comprehension, arithmetic, and writing.
Left Hemisphere
Hemisphere
controls creativity, spatial ability, artistic, and musical skills.
Right Hemisphere
