Respiration COPY Flashcards
Word equation for aerobic respiration
Glucose + oxygen –> carbon dioxide + water (+ energy)
Symbol equation of chemical reaction for aerobic respiration
C6H12O6 + 6O2 → 6CO2 + 6H2O
Where do most of the reactions in aerobic respiration take place
Inside mitochondria
What may the energy that is released during respiration be used by organisms for
to build larger molecules from smaller ones
What may the energy that is released during respiration be used by animals for
to enable muscles to contract
What may the energy that is released during respiration be used by mammals and birds for
to maintain a steady body temperature in colder surroundings
What may the energy that is released during respiration be used by plants for
to build up sugars, nitrates and other nutrients into amino acids, which are then built up into proteins
What changes take place during exercise when the human body needs to react to the increased demand for energy
-the heart rate increases, increasing blood flow to the muscles, -the rate and depth of breathing increases, -glycogen stored in the muscles is converted back into glucose
What do the changes that take place during exercise when the human body needs to react to the increased demand for energy do
these changes increase the supply of glucose and oxygen to the muscles, and increase the rate of removal of carbon dioxide from the muscles
When is energy produced by anaerobic respiration
if insufficient oxygen is reaching the muscles
chemical reaction of anaerobic respiration word equation
glucose –> lactic acid (+energy)
chemical reaction of anaerobic respiration symbol equation
C6H12O6 = 2C2H5OH (+energy)
what is anaerobic respiration in muscles
anaerobic respiration in muscles is the incomplete breakdown of glucose, which causes a build-up of lactic acid
why does oxygen debt need to be repaid
an oxygen debt needs to be repaid to oxidise the lactic acid to carbon dioxide and water
why is much less energy released in anaerobic respiration than during aerobic respiration
because the breakdown of glucose is incomplete in anaerobic respiration
