Respiration And Excercise Flashcards
What is respiration?
A chemical reaction that releases energy from the food you’ve eaten
What does aerobic mean?
Using oxygen
What is the written formula for AEROBIC RESPIRATION?
Glucose + oxygen——————> carbon dioxide+ water+ energy
What is the chemical formula for aerobic respiration?
C6H12O6 + 6O2———————>
6CO2 + 6H2O
Compare the similarity of aerobic respiration and combustion
Like combustion aerobic respiration requires OXYGEN and produces CARBON DIOXIDE and WATER as waste products
Where does aerobic respiration take place?
In all living cells
Describe how oxygen gets into the blood from the lungs
Oxygen diffuses from the lungs into the blood while carbon dioxide is excreted from the body via the lungs (by exhaling)
What Is carried in the blood to all cells?
- oxygen and products of digestion such as glucose or amino acids
Where does the heart pump blood to?
Pumps blood to all the cells
How can we maintain the concentration gradient and how does this help?
Breathing in and out regularly maintains the concentration gradient for efficient diffusion across the alveoli surface
What is glycogen and what is it used for?
An a Energy store in animals that can be broken down into glucose when needed
What are four way that living organisms can use the energy transferred by respiration?
- muscle contraction (internal organs, muscles that bring about movement)
- maintaining a constant body temperature (mammals/ birds)
- building up larger molecules from small ones (eg, proteins from amino acids)
- in PLANTS to build up sugars, nitrates and others into amino acids then into proteins
What does exercise mean?
More energy needs to be released
Why does the body have to work harder during exercise? (2 points)
1- to deliver more oxygen and glucose to the cells to enable extra respiration to take place
2- remove the increased waste products from the extra respiration taking place in cells
Explain why an increase in heart rate helps an athlete keep going (3 steps)
- increase heart rate leads to an increases blood supply to muscles
- this means more oxygen and glucose are delivered to the muscles
- so that more respiration can take place and more energy is released so that muscle contraction can continue
How does heart rate change during exercise and explain why? (Two points)
- increases during exercise
- to pump blood to the working muscles faster to deliver more oxygen and glucose for respiration
How does the way the heart beat changes during exercise and why? (2 points)
- increases during exercise
- pumps more blood with every heart beat increasing the supply of oxygen and glucose for respiration
How does the breathing rate change during exercise and why? (2 points)
- increases during exercise
- faster rate of intake of oxygen and excretion of carbon dioxide
How does the breathing depth change during exercise and why? (Two points)
- increases during exercise
- more air with every breath means more oxygen can get into the body for respiration
How do glycogen levels in the muscles change during exercise and why? (2 points)
- DECREASES during exercise
- glycogen is broken down to release glucose for use in respiration
Why does HEART BEAT faster during exercise ?
To deliver more glucose and more oxygen for respiration
Why does breathing rate increase during exercise?
To get more OXYGEN into the body and GET RID of more CARBON DIOXIDE
Why do glycogen levels in the muscles fall during exercise?
To provide MORE glucose for respiration
Why does heart rate increase during exercise?
Get more oxygenated blood to muscles
