Respiration And Breathing Flashcards
What is the word equation for respiration?
Glucose+oxygen——>water+carbon dioxide+oxygen
What are the three organ systems involved in respiration?
Digestive system- it changes large insoluble food molecules into small soluble molecules that are absorbed into the blood stream
Circulatory system- carries the small soluble food and oxygen to all the cells in our body and carries away the waste
Respiratory system- oxygen is put into our bodies via lungs. The carbon dioxide is removed also via the lungs. The oxygen gets absorbed into the body and is pumped around the body by the heart
Why do we need energy
Cells need energy for all their reaction processes
Eg. Movement-muscle contraction
Making new chemicals
Growth and repair
Nervous impulses
What do plants need to respire for?
Making new chemicals
Growth and repair
Making new substances
Nervous impulses
What is ventilation?
Ventilation is getting the air into and out of the lungs
What is gas exchange?
Is getting two gasses to move into or out of the blood
What happens when inhaling
The intercostal muscles contract
Ribs move up and out
The volume in chest cavity increases
Pressure in lungs decrease
What are the main factors of diffusion in the alveoli?
Large surface area-more surface more oxygen can get to the blood
A short distance-walls thin and a short distance so diffusion can happen quickly
Diffusion gradient-gases move faster when there is a bigger difference in concentrations.
What are the reasons why a single alveoli is good for diffusion?
They have thin moist walls
They are surrounded by many blood capillaries
Are small so there can be a lot of them
What is the percentage of gases you breathe in?
Oxygen-21%
Carbon dioxide-0.04
Nitrogen-78%
Water vapour-A little
Percentage of gases you breath out?
Oxygen-16%
Carbon dioxide-4%
Nitrogen-78%
Water vapour-a lot
What is the trachea?
The trachea is the tube at the top which lest the air in and out it has wrings of cartilage which keeps it open.
What is the pleural membrane?
Is is a membrane which lubricates the lungs so they don’t rub against the ribs too much when they inflate and deflate
What happens when you exhale
The diaphragm relaxes and domes up.
The intercostal muscles relax and the rib cage moves down and in
The volume in the chest cavity decreases
Air pressure in lungs increase
