Respiration Flashcards
What is respiration ?
a series of enzyme-controlled reactions which releases chemical energy from glucose
How can measure the energy content of different food stuff? (apparatus)
Retort stand boiling tube seeker thermometer Food sample (potato/fruit cereal) 30ml of water
How can measure the energy content of different food stuff?(method)
Temperature of water before burning of food in the boiling tube was measured using a thermometer and was recorded in a result table.
A food sample was attached to a seeker and set alight using a Bunsen burner.
When the food sample had finished burning the temperature was recorded again. The experiment was repeated using different sample of food.
Name 5 uses of energy for cellular processes?
Nerve impulse transmission Muscle contraction Protein synthesis Cell division Active transport
What does ATP stand for?
Adenosine Tri Phosphate
What is ATP made up of ?
1- adenosine
3- inorganic phosphate
What are the 2 types of respiration ?
Aerobic
Anaerobic
What is meant by aerobic?
requires oxygen
What is meant by anaerobic?
no oxygen required
How many stages does aerobic respiration occur in ?
2 stages
How many molecules of ATP does aerobic respiration generate in total per molecule of glucose?
38ATP
What is the equation for aerobic respiration?
glucose+oxygen —–> carbon dioxide+water(+38ATP)
What is the organelle involved in aerobic respiration?
mitochondria
What is stage 1 of aerobic respiration called?
glycolysis
Where does glycolysis take place?
cytoplasm
What does glycolysis not require?
doesn’t require oxygen
How much ATP is generated during glycolysis?
2ATP
What is the equation for glycolysis?
ADP+Pi 2ATP
\ /
glucose ——————————> pryruvate
What is the second stage of aerobic respiration known as?
Kreb’s cycle
Where does Kreb’s cycle take place?
mitochondria
What is required for Kreb’s cycle?
Oxygen
How much ATP is generated during Kreb’s cycle?
36ATP
What is the equation for Kreb’s cycle?
36ADP+36Pi 36ATP
\ /
Pyruvate+oxygen————————>carbon dioxide+water
What is the mitochondria?
the site of aerobic respiration
What do cells that need a lots of energy have?
large number of mitochondria
Give examples of cells that have a lots of mitochondria and need lots of energy? (3)
sperm
muscle
nerve
What is the equation for anaerobic respiration in animals?
glucose—>pyruvate+2ATP—>lactic acid
\ /
occurs in cytoplasm
What effect does a build up of lactic acid have on muscles?
makes them feel sore and fatique
What is anaerobic respiration in yeast and plant cells known as?
fermentation
What is the equation for fermentation?
glucose—>pyruvate+2ATP—>Ethanol+carbon dioxide
\ /
occurs in cytoplasm
Why is a layer of oil placed over the yeast suspension?
to prevent it from reacting with oxygen
Why do we need to put it in a glucose solution?
to provide a source of chemical energy for the yeast
How do we show carbon dioxide is being given off?
turns lime water milky
