Respiration Flashcards

1
Q

What is respiration ?

A

a series of enzyme-controlled reactions which releases chemical energy from glucose

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2
Q

How can measure the energy content of different food stuff? (apparatus)

A
Retort stand
boiling tube
seeker
thermometer 
Food sample (potato/fruit cereal)
30ml of water
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3
Q

How can measure the energy content of different food stuff?(method)

A

Temperature of water before burning of food in the boiling tube was measured using a thermometer and was recorded in a result table.
A food sample was attached to a seeker and set alight using a Bunsen burner.
When the food sample had finished burning the temperature was recorded again. The experiment was repeated using different sample of food.

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4
Q

Name 5 uses of energy for cellular processes?

A
Nerve impulse transmission
Muscle contraction 
Protein synthesis
Cell division 
Active transport
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5
Q

What does ATP stand for?

A

Adenosine Tri Phosphate

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6
Q

What is ATP made up of ?

A

1- adenosine

3- inorganic phosphate

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7
Q

What are the 2 types of respiration ?

A

Aerobic

Anaerobic

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8
Q

What is meant by aerobic?

A

requires oxygen

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9
Q

What is meant by anaerobic?

A

no oxygen required

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10
Q

How many stages does aerobic respiration occur in ?

A

2 stages

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11
Q

How many molecules of ATP does aerobic respiration generate in total per molecule of glucose?

A

38ATP

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12
Q

What is the equation for aerobic respiration?

A

glucose+oxygen —–> carbon dioxide+water(+38ATP)

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13
Q

What is the organelle involved in aerobic respiration?

A

mitochondria

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14
Q

What is stage 1 of aerobic respiration called?

A

glycolysis

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15
Q

Where does glycolysis take place?

A

cytoplasm

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16
Q

What does glycolysis not require?

A

doesn’t require oxygen

17
Q

How much ATP is generated during glycolysis?

18
Q

What is the equation for glycolysis?

A

ADP+Pi 2ATP
\ /
glucose ——————————> pryruvate

19
Q

What is the second stage of aerobic respiration known as?

A

Kreb’s cycle

20
Q

Where does Kreb’s cycle take place?

A

mitochondria

21
Q

What is required for Kreb’s cycle?

22
Q

How much ATP is generated during Kreb’s cycle?

23
Q

What is the equation for Kreb’s cycle?

A

36ADP+36Pi 36ATP
\ /
Pyruvate+oxygen————————>carbon dioxide+water

24
Q

What is the mitochondria?

A

the site of aerobic respiration

25
What do cells that need a lots of energy have?
large number of mitochondria
26
Give examples of cells that have a lots of mitochondria and need lots of energy? (3)
sperm muscle nerve
27
What is the equation for anaerobic respiration in animals?
glucose--->pyruvate+2ATP--->lactic acid \ / occurs in cytoplasm
28
What effect does a build up of lactic acid have on muscles?
makes them feel sore and fatique
29
What is anaerobic respiration in yeast and plant cells known as?
fermentation
30
What is the equation for fermentation?
glucose--->pyruvate+2ATP--->Ethanol+carbon dioxide \ / occurs in cytoplasm
31
Why is a layer of oil placed over the yeast suspension?
to prevent it from reacting with oxygen
32
Why do we need to put it in a glucose solution?
to provide a source of chemical energy for the yeast
33
How do we show carbon dioxide is being given off?
turns lime water milky