respiration

Question 1

What is respiration?

Answer 1

The process of transferring energy from the breakdown of glucose

Question 2

is respiration Endo or exo

Answer 2

exothermic, it transfers energy to emvironment

Question 3

Give three examples of how organisms use energy transferred by respiration

Answer 3

to build larger molecules from smaller ones eg proteins from amino acids
allow muscles to contract
keep body temperate stable in the cold (mammals and birds)

Question 4

what is metabolism?

Answer 4

All the chemical reactions in an organism

Question 5

what is created when glucose molecules join together

Answer 5

Starch, glycogen, cellose

Question 6

How was starch, glycogen, and cellulose formed?

Answer 6

Lots of small glucose molecules joined together

Question 7

how are lipid molecules made?

Answer 7

One molecule of glycerol and three fatty acids

Question 8

How are proteins made?

Answer 8

glucose + nitrate ions —> amino acids —> proteins

Question 9

give two examples of reactions where larger molecules are broken down into smaller ones

Answer 9

Glucose is broken down and respiration which transfers energy to power all other reactions that make molecules

Excess protein is broken to produce urea which is then excreted into urine

Question 10

what is aerobic respiration?

Answer 10

respiration with oxygen

Question 11

where does aerobic respiration take place?

Answer 11

Mitochondria

Question 12

Aerobic respiration word equation

Answer 12

glucose + oxygen —> co2 + water

Question 13

aerobic respiration symbol equation

Answer 13

c6h12o6 + 6o2 —> 6co2 + 6h2o

Question 14

What is anaerobic respiration?

Answer 14

The breakdown of glucose to release small amounts of energy without the use of oxygen

Question 15

where does anaerobic respiration take place?

Answer 15

Cytoplasm

Question 16

When might anaerobic respiration occur?

Answer 16

Vigourous exercise and your body can’t supply enough oxygen to your muscles

Question 17

Word equation for anaerobic respiration

Answer 17

glucose —> lactic acid

Question 18

why doesn’t anaerobic respiration transfer as much energy?

Answer 18

Glucose isn’t fully oxidised as it doesn’t combine with oxygen

Question 19

Word equation for anaerobic respiration in plants and yeast cells

Answer 19

glucose —> ethanol + co2

Question 20

What is anaerobic respiration called in yeast cells and what is it used for?

Answer 20

Fermentation, to make bread and alcohol

Question 21

why does heart and breathing rates increase?

Answer 21

When exercising, there is a higher energy demand. This means there is a higher rate of aerobic respiration. so there is a high demand for glucose and oxygen,
So rates increase

Question 22

What are 4 examples of chemical reactions/metabolism?

Answer 22

digestion, photosynthesis, respiration, detoxifying alcohol

Question 23

what might you feel after anaerobic respiration and why?

Answer 23

muscle fatigue or pain pain as lactic acid has built up

Question 24

how does the body get rid of lactic acid?

Answer 24

Blood that enters your muscles transport lactic acid to the liver where it is converted back to glucose.

Question 25

What are some things the liver does?

Answer 25

Breaks down lactic acid and alcohol
Detoxifies alcohol and transfers broken down substances to kidney, via blood

Question 26

why might a person with higher muscle percentage have a faster metabolism?

Answer 26

The muscles need more energy to be maintained

Question 27

when will you have oxygen debt?

Answer 27

When you stop exercising after anaerobic respiration

Question 28

What is oxygen debt?

Answer 28

The amount of extra oxygen your body needs to react with the buildup of lactic acid and remove it.

Question 29

what happens to the lactic acid once you have more oxygen?

Answer 29

They react to form CO2 and water