Respiration Flashcards
2.34: How does the process of respiration produce ATP in living organisms?
- Energy is released from glucose either in the presence of oxygen (aerobic respiration) or the absence of oxygen (anaerobic respiration)
- The reactions ultimately result in the production of carbon dioxide and water as waste products
- Energy is transferred in the form of ATP
2.35: Why do organisms need energy/ATP?
- Chemical reactions to build larger molecules from smaller molecules
- Muscle contraction to allow movement
- Keeping warm (to maintain a constant temperature suitable for enzyme activity)
2.35: What is cellular respiration?
Cellular respiration is an exothermic reaction that is continuously occurring in living cells
2.35: What is the chemical process of cellular respiration?
The chemical process of cellular respiration releases energy from glucose
2.35: What is the function of ATP?
ATP, produced in respiration in the mitochondria, is required for living processes to occur within cells and organisms
2.36: What is the difference between aerobic and anaerobic respiration?
- Glucose is completely oxidised for aerobic while glucose is only partially oxidised for anaerobic.
- Aerobic has a higher energy yield (38ATP per glucose)
- Aerobic occurs in cytoplasm while anaerobic occurs in mitochondria
- Aerobic has products of CO2 and water while for anaerobic there is ethanol, CO2 in yeast and lactate in human skeletal muscles during strenuous exercise
2.37: What is the word equation for aerobic respiration?
Glucose + Oxygen → Carbon Dioxide + Water
2.37: What is the chemical equation for aerobic respiration?
C6H12O6 + 6O2 → 6CO2 + 6H20
2.38: What is the word equation for anaerobic respiration in humans?
Glucose → Lactic Acid
2.38: What is the word equation for anaerobic respiration in yeast and pla?nts
Fermentation: Glucose → Ethanol + Carbon Dioxide
