Respiration

Question 1

aerobic respiration

Answer 1

the chemical reactions in cells that use oxygen to break down
nutrient molecules to release energy.

glucose + oxygen → carbon dioxide + water
C6H12O6 + 6O2 → 6CO2 + 6H2O

Question 2

anaerobic respiration

Answer 2

the chemical reactions in cells that break down nutrient molecules to release energy without using
oxygen.

anaerobic respiration releases much less energy per glucose molecule than aerobic respiration

Question 3

anaerobic in yeast

Answer 3

glucose → alcohol + carbon dioxide
C6H12O6 → 2C2H5OH + 2CO

Question 4

anaerobic in yeast

Answer 4

glucose → alcohol + carbon dioxide
C6H12O6 → 2C2H5OH + 2CO

Question 5

anaerobic in muscles

Answer 5

glucose → lactic acid

lactic acid builds up in muscles and
blood during vigorous exercise causing an oxygen debt

Question 6

how the oxygen debt is removed

Answer 6

(a) continuation of fast heart rate to transport lactic acid in the blood from the muscles to the liver

(b) continuation of deeper and faster breathing to supply oxygen for aerobic respiration of
lactic acid

(c) aerobic respiration of lactic acid in the liver

Question 7

uses of energy in living organisms

Answer 7

muscle contraction, protein synthesis, cell division, active transport, synthesis of new cytoplasm for repair and growth, the transmission of nerve impulses and the maintenance of a constant body temperature