respiration

Question 1

location of glycolysis

Answer 1

cytoplasm

Question 2

location of link reaction

Answer 2

mitochondrial matrix

Question 3

location of krebs cycle

Answer 3

mitochondrial matrix

Question 4

glycolysis

Answer 4

C6H12Og-> phosphorylated glucose
(2ATP->2ADP)
phosphorylated glucose -> 2xglycerate 3 phosphate
2x G3P-> 2x pyruvate
( 4x ADP-> 4x ATP)
(2x NAD+-> 2x NADH)

Question 5

glycolysis net products

Answer 5

2x NADP 2x ATP 2X pyruvate

Question 6

link reaction

Answer 6

pyruvate actively transported to matrix
pyruvate-> acetate + CO2
(NAD+-> NADH)
acetate + co enzyme a -> acetyl CoA

Question 7

link reaction net products

Answer 7

2x acetyl CoA 2x CO2 2xNADH

Question 8

krebs cycle

Answer 8

DeNa, DeNa, A, Fa, NA
4C-> 6C
( acetyl CoA-> (acetate)-> CoA)
6c-> 5c + CO2
(NAD+-> NADH)
5c-> 4c +CO2
(NAD+ -> NADH)
4c-> 4c
(ADP+->ATP)
4c-> 4c
(FAD+->FADH2)
4c-> 4c
(NAD+->NADH)

Question 9

krebs cycle net products

Answer 9

4CO2 6xNADH 2xFADH2 2xATP

Question 10

aerobic respiration net products

Answer 10

4xATP 10x NADH 2XFADH2

Question 11

chemiosmosis definition

Answer 11

energy in a chemical gradient established by electron movement is used to make ATP

Question 12

ETC location

Answer 12

cristae of mitochondria
phospholipid bilayer

Question 13

oxidative phosphorilation

Answer 13

H donated by NADH and FADH2 from the Krebs Cycle
Hydrogen split to H+ + e-
e- enter the etc and release energy as they move through the electron transport chain
The energy released pumps H+ matrix-> intermembrane space (IMS)
conc grad of H+ is established (from IMS-> matrix)
H+ return to the matrix via facilitated diffusion by ATP synthase
movement of H+ down conc grad provides energy for ATP synthesis
O2 is ‘final electron acceptor’ and combines with protons and electrons at the end of the electron transport chain to form water
.5O2 +”H

Question 14

the three co enzymes of respiration

Answer 14

NAD+ (accepts H atoms)
FAD+(accepts H atoms)
Co enzyme A (used in link reaction)

Question 15

substrate level phosphorylation

Answer 15

glycolysis and krebs cycle
single reaction involving direct transfer of a phosphate group from one molecule to another

Question 16

oxidative phosphorylation

Answer 16

etc
series of oxidative reactions which provide sufficient energy to form ATP from ADP and a phosphate using ATP synthase

Question 17

anaerobic respiration in animals

Answer 17

without oxygen pyruvate can’t enter aerobic pathway so glycolysis becomes main source of ATP but needs a constant source of NAD+

pyruvate accepts H+ to form NADH and make lactate
NAD+ now used to make more pyruvate

Question 18

anaerobic respiration in yeast

Answer 18

enzymes cause pyruvate to release a molecule of CO2, making ethanal
NADH donates H+ to ethanal to make ethanol and NAD+
NADH reversed in glycolysis making more pyruvate and ATP