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biology > respiration > Flashcards

respiration Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

what other cellular activities can ATP be used for?

A

cell division and muscle contractions

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2
Q

what is the product of respiration?

A

pyruvate

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3
Q

what is the product of aerobic respiration?

A

co2 and water

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4
Q

what is the aerobic respiration equation?

A

glucose + oxygen -> co2+water+ATP

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5
Q

Where does fermentation occur?

A

cytoplasm

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6
Q

what is the product of fermentation on animal cells?

A

lactate

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7
Q

what is the fermentation equation in animal cells?

A

glucose->lactate + 2 ATP

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8
Q

what is the product of fermentation in plant and yeast cells?

A

ethanol and co2

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9
Q

what is the equation for fermentation in plant and yeast cells?

A

glucose-> co2+ ethanol

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10
Q

how many ATP molecules are needed for aerobic respiration ?

A

38

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11
Q

how many ATP molecules are needed for fermentation in plant and year cells and also animals cells?

A

2

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12
Q

in what type of respiration is oxygen needed?

A

aerobic respiration

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13
Q

what do both fermentations not require?

A

oxygen

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14
Q

what is the cell membrane made up of ?

A

proteins and phospholipids

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15
Q

what is passive transport?

A

the movement of substances from a high to low concentration
it requires no energy

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16
Q

what is diffusion?

A

the movement of molecules down a concentration gradient, high to low concentration
it requires no energy

17
Q

what substances go inside the cell?

A

amino acids, water, glucose ,oxygen

18
Q

what is osmosis?

A

the movement of water molecules from a high to low concentration

19
Q

what happens to a plant cell when it’s placed in a strong sugar solution?

A

becomes plasmolysed

20
Q

what happens to a red blood cell when it’s placed in a strong salt solution?

A

it shrinks

21
Q

what is active transport?

A

the movements of molecules and ions from a low to high concentration

it requires energy

22
Q

name 3 organelles found in a plant cell but not an animal cell?

A

chloroplasts, vacuole, cell wall

23
Q

what do bacterial cells not have?

A

nucleus and mitochondria

24
Q

what is the function of the cell wall?

A

support and structure the cell

25
Q

what is the function of the mitochondria?

A

site of aerobic respiration

26
Q

function of the cytoplasm

A

site of biochemical reactions

27
Q

functions of cell membrane

A

controls what enters and exits the cell

28
Q

function of the ribosome

A

protein synthesis

29
Q

function of the nucleus

A

controls cells activities

30
Q

what is the cell membrane

A

selectively permeable

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