Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

NURS124 > Resp Meds > Flashcards

Resp Meds Flashcards

1
Q

name of Beta2 adrenergic agonists

A

“terol”
- albuterol
- formoterol
- salmeterol
- terbutaline

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

pharma action of beta2 adrenergic agonists

A

activating beta2 receptors in bronchial smooth muscle
resulting in bronchodilation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

3 effects of beta2 adrenergic agonists

A
  1. relieve bronchospasm
  2. histamine inhibited
  3. ciliary motility increased
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

therapeutic uses of beta2 adrenergic agonists

A

albuterol for both short & long acting asthma
formoterol, salmeterol, terbutaline long acting asthma
prevent exercise induced bronchospasm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

side effects of beta2 adrenergic agonists

A

tachycardia, angina -> check pulse increase of >20 (lower dose)
tremors -> may resolve or lower dose
nervousness, restlessness

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

contraindications/side effects of beta2 adrenergic agonists

A
  • contraindicated in pts w/ tachydysrhythmia
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

interactions with beta2 adrenergic agonists

A
  • beta adrenergic blockers make meds useless
  • tricyclic antidepressants, MAOIs increase risk of tachycardia & angina
  • antidiabetic drugs need to increase dose
  • no caffeine
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

names of Methylxanthines

A

theophylline

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

pharma action of Methylxanthines

A
  • relax bronchial smooth muscle -> bronchodilation
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

therapeutic use of theophylline

A

oral used for long-term control of asthma
IV for emergencies

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

side effects of theophylline

A

mild: GI distress (V/D), restlessness/insomnia
severe: dysrhythmias, seizures

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

therapeutic range of theophylline

A

5-15 mcg/mL

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

treating toxic effects of theophylline

A
  • activated charcoal to reduce absorption
  • diazepam for seizures
  • lidocaine for dysrhythmias
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

contraindications/precautions of theophylline

A
  • impaired metabolism
  • tobacco/marijuana use
  • caffeine
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

interactions with theophylline

A
  • caffeine
  • phenobarbital, phenytoin, rifampin (seizure meds) increase metabolism
  • cimetidine, ciprofloxacin (fluoroquinolones) increase risk for toxicity
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

name of inhaled anticholinergics

A

ipratropium
tiotropium
“tropium”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

pharma action of inhaled anticholinergics

A

inhibits acetylcholine in parasympathetic system -> bronchodilation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

therapeutic uses of inhaled anticholinergics

A
  • relieve bronchospasm of: COPD, allergen-induced, exercise-induced
  • decrease secretions in COPD
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

side effects of inhaled anticholinergics

A
  • dry mouth, hoarseness -> drink water, suck on candies
  • increased intraocular pressure
  • urinary retention
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

contraindications/precautions with inhaled anticholinergics

A
  • contraindicated for pts with peanut allergies
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

nursing teachings for pts using inhaled anticholinergics

A
  • wait 5 mins between inhaled doses
  • don’t swallow capsules, use inhalation device
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

names of glucocorticoids

A
  • inhalation: beclomethasone (QVAR), fluticasone (Flonase)
  • oral: prednisone
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

pharma action of glucocorticoids

A
  • prevent inflammation, suppress airway mucus production, promote responsiveness to beta2 receptors (use albuterol before glucocorticoid)
  • decrease airway mucosa edema
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

therapeutic use of glucocorticoids

A
  • long term chronic asthma - inhaled
  • short term post exacerbation
  • take albuterol before glucocorticoids
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
side effects of beclomethasone or fluticasone
- difficulty speaking, hoarseness, candidiasis -> rinse mouth after
26
side effects of prednisone
use >10days: - suppressed adrenal glands, - bone loss, - hyperglycemia/glycosuria, - myopathy (muscle weakness), - peptic ulcer dx -> take with food, avoid NSAIDS - infection, - changes in fluid/electrolytes, - increased appetite & weight gain, - insomnia
27
contraindications in glucocorticoids
- contraindicated for pts receiving live culture vaccine, systemic fungal infections
28
interactions with glucocorticoids
- K-depleting diuretics -> hypokalemia - avoid NSAIDs -> GI bleed - DM watch for insulin dosage
29
name of Leukotriene modifiers
montelukast (Singulair) Zileuton Zafirlukast
30
pharma action of leukotriene modifiers
suppress leukotrienes -> reduce inflammation, bronchoconstriction, airway edema, mucus production
31
therapeutic uses of leukotriene modifiers
- adjunctive therapy - long term therapy for asthma (oral med) - exercise induced bronchospasm
32
side effects of montelukast
- depression, suicidal ideation - liver injury with zileuton & zafirlukast
33
interactions with leukotriene modifiers
- zileuton & zafirlukast increase warfarin levels, increase theophylline levels - phenobarbital, rifampin, phenytoin need to increase montelukast dose
34
drug name for mast cell stabilizers
cromolyn
35
pharmac action of cromolyn
similar to corticosteroids prevent release of leukotrienes & histamines -> inflammation
36
use of cromolyn
- long-term allergy-related asthma - prophylaxis for exercise-induced bronchospasm & seasonal allergies - use as needed but expect several wks of use before full effects
37
Name for antitussives:opioids
codeine hydrocodone
38
pharmac action of codeine & hydrocodone
suppresses cough through CNA to increase cough threshold
39
therapeutic use of codeine & hydrocodone
chronic nonproductive cough
40
side effects for codeine and hydrocodone
dizziness drowsiness resp. depression GI distress - N, V, constipation
41
contraindications for codeine and hydrocodone
MAO inhibitors, SSRIs prostatic hypertrophy resp disease
42
interaction with codeine & hydrocodone
St. John's wort increases sedation
43
names of antitussives: non-opioids
dextromethorphan benzonatate diphenhydramine
44
pharmac action of antitussives: non-opioids
suppresses coughing in CNS
45
therapeutic use of dextromethorphan, benzonatate, and diphenhydramine
cough suppression reduce pain when combined w/ opioid
46
side effects of non-opioid antitussives
potential for abuse in high doses
47
name 1 expectorants
guaifenesin (Mucinex)
48
pharmac action of guaifenesin
reduce surface tension of secretions to thin mucus
49
therapeutic use of guaifenesin
coughs related to viral upper resp tract infections
50
side effects of guaifenesin
GI upset drowsiness, dizziness allergic reaction - rash
51
contraindication for guaifenesin
- phenylketonuria (increase in the amino acid phenylalanine) - diabetes - use with disulfiram (treat alcohol dependence, accumulates acetaldehyde when alcohol is consumed)
52
name 1 mucolytics
acetylcysteine
53
therapeutic uses of acetylcysteine
thin mucous secretions antidote for acetaminophen poisoning
54
pharmac action of acetylcysteine
break disulfide linkages of protein in mucus to thin it
55
side effects of acetylcysteine
- bronchospasm - GI distress due to awful smell
56
contraindications for acetylcysteine
GI bleed
57
side effects of phenylephrine
rebound congestion CNS effects - agitation, nervousness, uneasiness vasoconstriction
58
contraindications/precautions for phenylephrine
contraindicated for closed-angle glaucoma caution in CAD, HTN, cerebrovascular disease, dysrhythmias
59
names of some antihistamines
1st gen - diphenhydramine 2nd gen - cetirizine (Zyrtec), loratadine (Claritin), fexofenadine (Allegra) intranasal - azelastine
60
pharmac action of antihistamines
H1 receptor blocked in small blood vessels, capillaries, and nerves during allergic reactions
61
first gen vs. second gen antihistamines
first gen has anticholinergic effects (dry mouth, constipation) & drowsiness
62
what are anticholinergic effects include
dry mouth constipation, urinary retention dilated pupils, blurred vision, decreased sweating increased HR
63
therapeutic uses for antihistamines
- mild allergies - anaphylaxis - motion sickness - insomnia - 2nd gen: chronic idiopathic urticaria (chronic hives)
64
side effects of antihistamines
- sedation - anticholinergic effects (more with 1st gen) - GI discomfort
65
contraindications for 1st generation antihistamines
- kiddos - breastfeeding women - narrow-angle glaucoma - prostatic hypertrophy - acute asthma
66
contraindications for 2nd generation antihistamines
- kiddos - breastfeeding women - allergies
67
interactions with 1st generation antihistamines
alcohol & CNS depressants
68
interactions with 2nd generation antihistamines
- theophylline -> toxicity - alcohol & CNS depressants
69
name 2 sympathomimetic med
phenylephrine (Neo-synephrine) pseudoephedrine (Sudafed)
70
pharmac action of sympathomimetic meds
mimic sympathetic nervous system for alpha adrenergic receptors -> vasoconstriction in nasal passages
71
therapeutic use of sympathomimetics
short term 3-5 days for allergies, common cold, sinusitis potential for abuse & rebound congestion
72
side effects of sympathomimetics
- CNS stimulation (agitation, anxiety, insomnia) - increased BP, HR - heart palpitations - rebound congestion
73
contraindications for sympathomimetics
- chronic rhinitis - narrow angle glaucoma - uncontrolled HTN, heart disease, dysrhythmia
74
drug interactions for sympathomimetics
- MAOI antidepressants increase effects - beta2 adrenergic agonists & stimulants increase HTN effect

NURS124 (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions