Resp acid-base balance Flashcards
How is hydrogen lost?
H2O, HHb, H2PO4, NH4
What is the most important method of H+ loss and why?
H+ + HCO3 H3CO3 CO2 + H2O
it is the only system that doesn’t reach equilibrium
What is directly proportional to H+ concentration? What is inversely proportional?
The partial pressure of carbon dioxide
The bicarbonate concentration
How does the body deal with too much H+
Blowing off carbon dioxide
How does the body deal with too much carbon dioxide?
By excreting H+ ions
What is regulated to keep the acid-base balance?
Hydrogen ions and carbon dioxide
How do you know something is a respiratory change?
the primary change will be CO2
How do you know something is a metabolic change
the primary change will be bicarbonate
How are hydrogen ions excreted?
combined with phosphate or ammonia
what are the arterial blood gases?
pH, CO2, HCO3, pO2
what are some causes of respiratory acidosis?
COPD, pneumonia, choking (i.e underventillation)
what are some causes of respiratory alkalosis?
hyperventilating, mechanical over-ventillation, raised ICP (i.e over ventilation)
what are some causes of metabolic acidosis?
impaired H+ excretion, increased H+ production/ingestion, loss of bicarbonate
what are some causes of metabolic alkalosis?
vomiting, alkali ingestion, potassium deficiency
how to we recover bicarbonate?
it is reabsorbed in the kidneys as CO2
