Resp Flashcards
When does the diaphragm contract and relax?
Contract: creates low pressure vacuum, inhale
Relax: exhale
Fluid that lowers surface tension and keeps alveoli open?
Surfactant
Differences between left and right lung?
Left: 2 lobes, cardiac notch
Right: 3 lobes
Area that is the bottom of the trachea, where left and right bronchi begin?
Carina
Tops and bottoms of lungs are called?
Apex(go above collarbone)
Base
Define:
Hemothorax?
Pneumothorax?
Tension-pneumothorax?
Hemo: pleural cavity of lungs filling with blood or pus
Pneumo: with air
Tension: increasing pressure with air with every breath, leading to collapsed lung as it’s unable to create a negative pressure space for air to go into lungs
Fancy term for internal nares?
Chonchae or Nasal Turbinates (3 of them)
Which structure is the Adams Apple?
Thyroid cartilage
Which parts are considered upper vs lower parts of the respiratory system? Which defining structure separates?
Upper: nose, pharynx
Lower: larynx, trachea, lungs
Epiglottis separates
Where do we do crichs?
Between Thyroid Cartilage and Cricoid Thyroid
Which are the important resp areas in the pons and medulla?
Pons: pneumotaxic
apneustic
Medulla:
inspiratory
expiratory
Is the diaphragm higher or lower on the right side?
Higher on Right Side (liver below)
What do T1 & T2 cells do?
T1: line alveolar walls, where gas exchange occurs, simple squamous
T2: AKA septal cells, secrete surfactant
Factors that affect Hemoglobin O2 affinity?
-Acidity
-CO2
-Temp
-BPG(2,3 bisphoglycerate)
Which area is used for both respiratory and digestive passage?
Pharynx
Describe Boyles Law?
Pressure of gas invertly relates to volume of container
Normal resp rate?
12-20/min
<12=bradypnea
>20=tachypnea
3 steps to respiration.
-pulmonary ventilation
-pulmonary respiration(external)
-tissue respiration(internal)
What is the Herring Breuer reflex?
Prevents overinflation of the lungs.
