Resource management Flashcards
What do food, water and energy contribute to?
economic and social well-being
Name (2) reasons why demand for FOOD is increasing in the UK
- population growth (more people-> more food needed)
- seasonal food demand ( more people want certain veg all year round-> has to be imported)
Why are high-value foods being exported from LICs and what does this contribute to?
Some foods can only be grown in specific climates-> like some LICs. Also, the LICs’ workers are usually poorly paid making import cheap.
This does increase the food miles and the carbon footprint of the food. (this is very bad for the environment)
Name 2 challenges of national food production in the UK
- climate
- high dependency on imports
What are some of the recent trends in UK food production
- agribusiness
- organic foods
What is organic food?
It is the product of a farming system which avoids the use of man-made fertilisers, pesticides, growth regulators and livestock feed additives
What is agribusiness?
Agriculture conducted on commercial principles, especially using advanced technology
How has demand for water changed in the UK?
Water demand is increasing because of increasing pop. , more houses being built and more water-intensive appliances being used
Describe the water surplus and scarcity in the UK
most rain falls in the NORTH of the UK, but most of the population lives in the SOUTH-EAST creating a miss-match between water supply (from rain) and demand (from people).
Areas of water deficit are found where water are found where water demand is HIGHER than supply.
Areas of water surplus are found where water demand is LESS than the supply.
How can water demand be met?
Water transfer schemes divert large volumes of water from an area of water surplus to an area of water deficit.
Name 3 causes of water pollution
- oil spills
- pesticides
- untreated sewage
How can water be managed and cleaned?
4
- filtered to remove sediment
- purified with chlorine
- try and prevent leaching
- legislation and education
Why has the UK’s energy mix changed?
The amount of fossil fuels used is decreasing and renewable energy sources are increasing.
This is to decrease the enviromental impact and make sure the UK is being sustainable.
Name a country that you have studied that has a surplus in energy and a country that has an energy deficit
Peru has a surplus and Nepal is in deficit
Why has energy consumption increased around the world?(4)
- affluence (NEEs’ standard of living increasing-> more energy needed)
- population ( pop. is increasing->more energy needed)
- technology ( development of tech-> more people have access to energy powered devices-> increase in energy demand)
- Economic reasons (factories and offices run using energy-> more countries develop economically-> more need for offices and energy)
What are some (3) factors that affect the supply of energy?
- physical location and access to fossil fuels
- economic situation-> less money = less energy can be imported
- political relationships-> if a country has strong political relationships = more chance of importing energy
What is energy insecurity ?
When there is a higher demand than the supply available.
they may not have control over supplies/control over prices/ a variety of energy supplies / political stability.
What are 4 impacts of energy insecurity?
- farming uses a lot of energy -> less energy= no work & no income & no food
- factories need energy and regular power cuts -> can’t make money-> less income= less everything
- new energy sources needed
- if there is a conflict in the future -> risk to energy supply
Describe 4 renewable energy sources
HYDROELECTRIC POWER dams are used to create a steady flow of water to turn turbines and generate electricity
GEOTHERMAL the steam from underground water heated by hot rocks turns turbines producing electricity
BIOMASS produced from organic matter
WIND causes turbines to spin producing energy.
What are some pros of the Camisa project i the Amazon rain-forest? (4)
- can save $4 billion in energy costs for Peru
- make several billion in gas exports
- employment &boost of local economy
- improved infrastructure can bring benefits to local people
What are some cons of the Camisa project?(4)
- deforestation
- can negatively impact the indigenous tribes affecting their water and food supply
- local people don’t have immunity to new diseases that could be transported
- clearing pipeline routes-> landslides and polluted streams
How does Nepal classify as an LIC?
- 0.3 tonnes CO2 emissions per capita
- 12 yrs expected of school
- 70.6 yrs life expectancy
- 24.7% skilled workers
What are micro-hydro plants?
Water is diverted from small streams or rivers and channelled to forebay tank which removes sediment. Then, the water runs through the power house and past the turbines causing a generator to provide electricity for the community.
