Resource management Flashcards
What is a resource?
A supply of something that has a value or purpose. e.g. food, water, energy
What is energy security?
The ability of a country to ensure sufficient and consistent energy supplies to meet the demands of their population.
What is seasonal food?
Buying food around the time it is being harvested.
What is organic farming and its benefits?
Producing foods without use of chemical fertilisers and pesticides. It gives the farmers higher prices, more sustainable for the environment and can produce health benefits.
What are food miles?
How far food has been transported to where it is sold.
What is a carbon footprint?
A persons contribution to the enhanced greenhouse effect.
What is agribusiness and its benefits?
It is farming driven by profit which usually involves a large number of inputs like machinery. It ensures more food security and profit for the farm. It also reduces imports.
What is food waste?
Where 10 million tonnes of food are thrown away each year in the UK.
What are 4 ways fresh water can be provided in the UK?
Water treatment, sewage plants, reservoirs and aquifers.
What is water treatment?
Where they filter the water to remove sediment, then chlorine is added to purify the water of bacteria.
What are sewage plants?
Where solid material is removed as sludge and the water is cleaned by bacteria. This is then put in a river.
What are aquifers?
A water bearing rock underground from which we can extract water.
What is a water deficit?
When the demand for water is greater than the water supply.
What is a water surplus?
Where the supply of water is greater than the demand of water.
What is water transfer?
Transporting water via a pipe or channel from an area of a surplus to an area of deficit. It can be transferred through aqueducts large areas.
What is an aqueduct?
It is an artificial channel for conserving water, sometimes in the form of a bridge across a valley.
Why have many plans for water transfer plans been rejected?
Biodiversity would be threatened, NIMBYs, cost is high, greenhouse gases through energy needed to pump.
How is electricity made in a thermal power station?(5)
They boil water to make the steam. The jet of steam makes the turbine spin. Next to the turbine is a generator. When the turbine spins so does the electromagnet in the generator, producing electricity. Cables carry it away to places.
What is the energy mix?
The range of energy sources a country uses.
What is the national grid?
The UK’s electricity network and also the gas distribution network.
What is electricity supply?
All electricity for homes and businesses.
What is total energy supply?
Electricity plus energy for other areas such as transport.
What are 7 causes of food insecurity?
Economic development, technology, climate and weather, pests and disease, water supply, conflict and poverty.
What are the impacts of famine and undernutrition?
Hinders physical and cognitive development, leads to deficiency diseases, causes undernutrition, weakening immunity and causes death. 10% world in chronic undernourishment.
What are the impacts of conflict?
Flooding land, loss of irrigated land, causes international and local disputes and negotiations around how water is shared e.g. Egypt and Ethiopia over dams.
What are the impacts of rising prices?
Poor grain harvests, a rise in prices and people suffering from undernutrition e.g. Russia blocking black sea.
What is the impact of desertification?
Impacts on indigenous wildlife, soil is prone to erosion, it is not suitable for many crops and overgrazing leaves the soil exposed.
What is the impact of water pollution?
Impacts on indigenous wildlife and pesticides increase demand for irrigation.
What are 6 strategies to increase food supply and security?
Irrigation, aeroponics, hydroponics, the green revolution, biotechnology and appropriate technology.
What is aeroponics?
Where plants are grown in air and sprayed with fine water mist containing nutrients.
What is hydroponics?
These plants are grown in water and the roots are planted in nutrient rich water.
What is the ‘green’ revolution?
It is using modern technology to improve yields such as HYVs which increase yield by 60%.
What is biotechnology?
It is using living organisms to make or modify products to make them produce higher yields.
What is appropriate technology?
Using skills or materials that are cheap and easily available to increase output without putting people out of work.
What is thanet earth?
7 large greenhouses using hydroponics to grow veg.
What are 3 advantages of thanet earth?
Uses biofuel to power it, uses rain water harvesting and employs 500 people.
What are 3 negatives to thanet earth?
Large amount of farmland being built on, money generated goes to large companies and the greenhouses are built on high land so it creates light pollution.
How does thanet earth produce food?
It has long growing seasons, generates power from burning waste, uses permaculture, has bees to pollinate and changes lighting to maximise growth.
What is permaculture?
It is sustainable agriculture, creating food production systems that work with nature to care for the earth.
How does Jamalpur, Bangladesh help use food production schemes?
It uses a rice-fish culture where local fish are introduced, being hidden and producing fertiliser for the rice. It also provides protein as it is scarce in the area.
Benefits of the Jamalpur scheme?
10% increase in yields, higher protein, can sell some rice, 57% of income from agriculture.
