Resistance Mechanisms Flashcards
What are some resistance mechanisms against ß-lactams?
Exclusion:
- Outer membrane porin size
Altered Target:
- Mutant and new PBPs
Inactivation:
- ß-lactamases
What are some resistance mechanisms against glycopeptides (vancomycin)?
Exclusion:
- Thickened outer wall
Altered Target:
- D-Ala D-Lac
What are some resistance mechanisms against Aminoglycosides?
Exclusion:
- Oxidative transport required
Altered Target:
- Ribosomal binding site mutations
Inactivation:
- Adenylases, acetylases, phosphorylases
What are some resistance mechanisms against Macrolides and Clindamycin?
Exclusion:
- OM porin size
- MDR pump
Altered Target:
- Methylation of rRNA
Inactivation:
- Phosphotransferase
- Esterase
What are some resistance mechanisms against for chloramphenicol?
Altered Target:
- Methylation of rRNA
Inactivation:
- Acetyltransferase
What are some resistance mechanisms against Tetracycline?
Exclusion:
- MDR pump
Altered Target:
- New protein protects ribosomal binding site
What are some resistance mechanisms against fluroquinolones?
Exclusion:
- MDR pump
- permeability mutation
Altered Target:
- Mutant Topoisomerase
What are some resistance mechanisms against Rifampin?
Altered target:
- Mutant RNA polymerase
What are some resistance mechanisms against Folate inhibitors?
Altered Target:
- New Dihydropteroate synthetase
- Altered DHFR reductase