Reservoirs and transmission of disease (not studying this) Flashcards
The major reservoir for infectious diseases for humans is
Human body
Other reservoirs
ANIMAL
SOIL
WATER
Animal
Diseases transmitted to humans from animals are known as zoonoses
Animal- groups likely to contract the disease
Young children, agricultural workers, animal care workers…
Soil
The soil contains millions of different microorganisms but most of them are not responsible for diseases in humans
Soil infectious diseases examples
Tetanus (Clostridlum tetani)
Toxoplasmosis (Protozoa- Toxoplasma gardii)
Water
Many microorganisms survive for differing periods of time in the water.
Water infectious diseases examples
Giardia (protozoa)
Typhoid fere (bacteria)
Mechanisms of Transmission
CONTACT
COMMON VEHICLE TRANSMISSION
TRANSMISSION BY VECTORS
Contract transmission
DIRECT CONTACT
INDIRECT CONTACT
RESPIRATORY DROPLETS
Direct contact
Close or intimate contact between the infected host and susceptible individual e.g. touch, sexual contact…
Indirect contact
Microbes transferred from one host to another via a non-living object (fomite) e.g. drink, door handles, keys, money…
Respiratory droplets
E.g. Sneezing, coughing, laughing, speaking can spread droplets from the upper respiratory tract.
Common Vehicle Transmission
AIRBORNE TRANSMISSION
WATER-BORNE TRANSMISSION
FOOD-BORNE TRANSMISSION
Airborne transmission
SARS, spores, anthrax, T.B