Reserch On Duration Flashcards
What did peterson and Peterson study
Duration in STM
What was the procedure for Peterson and Peterson
24 uni students which took part in 8 trials
In each trial the student was given a consonant to remember and was given a 3 digit number
They were then told to immediately count backwards from the 3 digit number until told to stop to prevent mental rehearsal
On each trial they were told to stop after a diff amount of time calls the retention interval
What did Peterson and Peterson study suggest
That stm has a very short duration (around 18-30s) unless we repeat it over and over
What did bahrick study
Duration in LTM
How did bahrick study duration in LTM
Studied 392 pps from Ohio aged bw 17-74
Their high school yearbooks were obtained and their recall was tested in 2 ways
1: a photo recognition test of 50 photos
2: a free recall test where pps recalled names
What were the results of bahrick study
Pps who were tested within 15 years of graduation were 90% accurate in photo recognition
After 48 years recall declined to 70% for photo recognition
After 15 years pps were 60% accurate for free recall
After 48 years pps were 30% accurate for free recall
Evaluation Peterson and Peterson: negative
Small sample size of 24 uni students which limits the generalisability of the findings as it doesn’t represent the individual differences of the broader population
This reduces the external validity meaning the conclusions may not apply to real-world settings or different groups of people.
Evaluation of Peterson and Peterson: positive
The study is replicable as the methodology was simple and the findings were consistent allowing researchers to repeat the exp and further explore findings
Evaluation bahrick et al: positive
High external validity as meaningful memories were studied so has high ecological validity ,therefore the findings can be generalised to real life and other people as it reflects how memory works in everyday life
Evaluation bahrick et al: negative
Confounding variables are not controlled as the pps may have looked at their yearbook photos and rehearsed their memory over the years making the findings less realistic
