Research procedures Flashcards
What is the methodology of the high-amplitude sucking procedure?
- A non-nutritive nipple is placed in the babies mouth
- Baseline sucking rate recorded
- Sucking patterns are an index of interest
- Used for showing discrimination and preference for language stimuli
What age group is high-amplitude sucking used for?
- Newborns and up to 4 months
What are the advantages and disadvantages of high-amplitude sucking?
Advantage:
- Can be used on very young infants
Disadvantage:
- Can only test language knowledge at a very broad level
What is the methodology of habituation?
- Used with looking/listening time paradigms
- Children get bored of played or shown stimulus and look/listen for less time
- Stimulus from other category can increase looking time and prove child has formed two categories
What are the advantages and disadvantages of habituation?
Advantage:
- Can be used with very young children
Disadvantage:
- One child’s novelty preference and anothers familiarity preference can cancel eachother out
What is the methodology of the head-turn preference procedure?
- Infants sat on parents lap surrounded by screens
- Stimuli 1 on one side, stimuli 2 on other
- Control light/object in centre to re-attract attention
- Sounds or objects shown either side
- Length of looking time shows level of interest
What are the advantages and disadvantages of head-turn preference procedure?
Advantage:
- Can be used from 4 months
Disadvantage:
- Interpretation can be problematic, children may be able to tell the difference but nothing more
What is the methodology of looking-whilst-listening paradigm?
- Measures the time of children’s gaze patterns
- How long does it take for child to match correct sound and image
- Reaction time + faster response = better processing
What are the advantages and disadvantages of looking -whilst-listening paradigm?
Advantages:
- Doesn’t require automated eye tracking equipment
- Can be used on young children
Disadvantages:
- More time consuming to gather eye tracking data than using automated
What are CDIs?
- Communicative Development Inventory
- Different for each language eg. Oxford for British English
- Caregivers tick off checklist of words as child says them
What are the advantages and disadvantages of CDIs?
Advantage:
- Large volumes of data collected quickly
- Reported data and experimentally assessed vocab correlates
Disadvantage:
- Parental bias
- Cannot text more complex predictions
What is the methodology of the switch paradigm?
- Child presented with stimuli such as bim and pan which are matched to two objects
- Child learns which matches with what
- Child is purposely tricked by saying incorrect novel word to match object shown
- Child is confused/shocked so looks for longer
