research methods yr 2 Flashcards
Why do we use statistical testing in psychology?
To show if a difference or a relationship/association exists
what are the different types of data used in stats?
-Nominal
-Ordinal
-Interval
Define nominal data
-Categoric/discrete data
-Categories
e.g hair colour, eye colour
Define ordinal data
-continuous data
-uses an “unsafe scale”
-ranking data
e.g highest to lowest , on a scale of 1-5
Define interval data
-uses a “safe” scale
-calibrated scale
-universal measurements
e.g temperature, speed, time (hours, minutes, seconds etc)
Define correlation
The relationship/association between 2 co-variables
Define correlation co-efficient
shows the strength and direction of 2 or more co-variables
Name the types of correlation
-positive (✅)
-negative (❌)
-Zero
What are the stats tests that use nominal data?
-chi-squared
-sign test
what are the stats tests that use ordinal data?
-Mann- Whitney U
-Wilcoxon T test
-Spearman’s rho
What are the stats tests that use interval data?
-Unrelated t test
-Related t test
-Pearson’s r test
What are the parametric tests?
-Unrelated t test
-Related t test
-Pearson’s r
What is the criteria for parametric tests?
-Interval data
-Normal distribution (bell-curve shape)
-Homogeneity of variance
what does df stand for?
degrees of freedom
what does homogeneity of variance mean?
each condition should have a similar dispersion/spread of data
