Research Methods Pt.2 Flashcards
What is a survey Sample
A portion (subset) of a population, that represents the population You wish to stray
What is a sampling error/bias
A sample that actually doesn’t represent the population
What are wording effects
The influence of language, or wording on peoples responses to survey questions
What is response bias
The tendency for people to answer the question the way they feel they are expected to answer
What is acquiescent response bias (yea-saying)
The tendency for participants to agree or respond “yes” to all questions regardless of their actual opinions
What is illusory superiority?
The tendency to describe our own benavior as better than average
What is volunteer bias
When only a motivated fraction of a population respond to a survey or participate in research
Explain the Tuskegee syphilis study
Over 600 African men who had syphilis were asked to participate in a study and in return they were offered free meals, medical treatment to cure them, and burial insurance
The researchers only goal was to follow the time course of the disease, hot to cure them, this lead to hundreds of deaths
What is beneficence and maleficence.
Beneficence is when a researcher strives to do good in a research study, maleficence is the act of doing harm
What is inclusion criterion and exclusion criteria
An inclusion criterion is something that makes a subject desirable for a research study, and exclusion criteria is something that would prevent someone from participating
What is an eligibility criteria
A combination of inclusion and exclusion criteria to ensure that those participating will meaningfully help to address the research question
What is the research ethics board called
The institutional review board (irb),
After being approved by the institutional review board, in order for a study to begin recruiting participants and obtain informed consent, what is informed consent?
When research participants learn about and understand the purpose, benefit, and potential risks of participating in the stray
What are vulnerable populations in a research study
A group of people who may not be able to provide free and informed consent to participate in research
What is “ decisional impairment”
Instances that diminish a potential participant’s capacity to provide informed consent (example, children and the mentally disabled)
