Research Methods in Psychology (Chapter 1)

Question 1

What is a variable?

Answer 1

A quantity or quality that can vary according to time and place.

Question 2

Independent Variable (IV)

Answer 2

Variable that is deliberately manipulated to see “EFFECT” it has on DV.

Question 3

Dependent Variable (DV)

Answer 3

Variable that is measured to see if IV has caused change in this variable

Question 4

Extraneous Variable

Answer 4

Variable other than IV that causes change in the value of the DV.

Question 5

Cofounding Variable

Answer 5

Variable has a SYSTEMATIC EFFECT on the value of the DV.

Question 6

Experimenter Effect

Answer 6

Actions of experimenter can affect IV and consequently the DV.

Question 7

Self-fulfilling Prophecy

Answer 7

Term used to describe a situation in which participants behave in a manner of which they BELIEVE is expected.

Question 8

Experimenter Bias

Answer 8

Unintentional actions that may occur in the collection and treatment of data.

Question 9

Placebo Effect

Answer 9

“Participants Effect”, where the participants behavioural responses may be influenced by their expectations on how they believe they should behave.

Question 10

Placebo

Answer 10

An experimenter will use a procedure or variable so that the participant believes that it is genuine (thus they usually report it works)

Question 11

Double-Blind Procedure

Answer 11

Neither the experimenter nor the participants know whether they are in the control or experimental

Question 12

Single-Blind Procedure

Answer 12

Either experimenter OR participants (generally participant) know whether they are in the control or experimental