Research Methods

Question 1

Independent variable

Answer 1

the thing the searcher manipulates

Question 2

Dependant variable

Answer 2

the thing we measure to see if IV had an effect

Question 3

Levels of IV

Answer 3

• control group

- experimental condition

Question 4

How do we measure variables?

Answer 4

make sure variables are operationalised.

Question 5

Extraneous variable

Answer 5

effects all levels of IV

Question 6

confounding variable

Answer 6

only effects one level of IV

Question 7

demand characteristics

Answer 7

ppt act in a way that they think is expected, or may act socially acceptable, or deliberately try to sabotage results

Question 8

investigator effects

Answer 8

expectancy effects, unconscious cues, factors relating to studies design

Question 9

controlling extraneous variables

Answer 9

• standardization
• randomisation
• control groups
• single blind conditions
• double blind conditions

Question 10

mean ao3

Answer 10

:) representative. takes all scores into consideration

:( influenced by anomalies

Question 11

median ao3

Answer 11

:) unaffected by anomalies

:( unrepresentative

Question 12

mode ao3

Answer 12

:) unaffected by anomalies

:( does not take all scores into consideration, unrepresentative

Question 13

observational techniques - natural obs ao3

Answer 13

:) high ecological validity

:( low reliability

Question 14

controlled obs ao3

Answer 14

:) high reliability

:( low ecological validity

Question 15

covert/overt obs a03

Answer 15

:) :( investigator effects

:( :) ethical - consent

Question 16

ppt obs a03

Answer 16

:) obtain indepth data because theyre in close proximity

:( researchers presence may influence ppt behaviour

Question 17

non ppt obs ao3

Answer 17

:) investigator effects less likely

:( due to lack of proximity behaviour may be missed