Research Methods

Question 1

Produces change in dependent variable

Answer 1

Independent variable

Question 2

Provides a full picture of one individual or a small group

Answer 2

Case study

Question 3

Carefully controlled method of research

Answer 3

Experiment

Question 4

Gets none of independent variable

Answer 4

Control group

Question 5

Expresses relationship between two variables

Answer 5

Hypothesis

Question 6

Observe participants in natural habitat

Answer 6

Naturalistic observation

Question 7

Ask people to fill out surveys

Answer 7

Survey method

Question 8

Aims to explain some phenomenon

Answer 8

Theory

Question 9

Strength of a correlation

Answer 9

Correlation coefficient

Question 10

Explain how you will define a variable

Answer 10

Operational definition

Question 11

Gets independent variable in an experiment

Answer 11

Experimental group

Question 12

Relationship between 2 variables (how does A affect B?)

Answer 12

Correlational research

Question 13

Each participant has equal chance of being placed in any group

Answer 13

Random assignment

Question 14

Average of all scores

Answer 14

Mean

Question 15

Normal bell-shaped curve

Answer 15

Normal distribution

Question 16

Central score

Answer 16

Median

Question 17

Score that appears most frequently

Answer 17

Mode

Question 18

Group of participants

Answer 18

Sample

Question 19

Square root of variance; expresses distance from median

Answer 19

Standard deviation

Question 20

Determine if findings can be applied to a larger population from which the sample was selected

Answer 20

Inferential statistics

Question 21

Give control group a fake to separate physiological effects from psychological effects

Answer 21

Placebo effect

Question 22

Fake (such as a “drug” that actually has no effects)

Answer 22

Placebo

Question 23

Distance btwn highest and lowest score

Answer 23

Range

Question 24

Describe a set of data

Answer 24

Descriptive statistics

Question 25

Participants must know they are involved, and must give permission

Answer 25

Informed consent

Question 26

Experiment can be done again

Answer 26

Replication

Question 27

Things that are influenced in an experiment

Answer 27

Variables

Question 28

“I knew it all along”

Answer 28

Hindsight bias

Question 29

Research with clear, practical applications

Answer 29

Applied research

Question 30

Interest to psychologist, but not really applicable to real world

Answer 30

Basic research

Question 31

Accurate

Answer 31

Validity

Question 32

Consistent

Answer 32

Reliable

Question 33

Anyone or anything that could be selected for the sample

Answer 33

Population

Question 34

Represents a larger population

Answer 34

Representative sample

Question 35

Process that allows researcher to make sure that sample represents the population

Answer 35

Stratified sampling

Question 36

Things that could affect dependent variable, but isn’t independent variable

Answer 36

Confounding variable

Question 37

Unconsciously treating groups differently so as to get desired results

Answer 37

Experimenter bias

Question 38

Simply selecting group affects the performance of the group

Answer 38

Hawthorne effect

Question 39

Measure distance of score from mean in units of standard deviation

Answer 39

Z-score

Question 40

Measures significance of results (smaller=more significant)

Answer 40

P value

Question 41

Participants told purpose of study and provided ways to get results

Answer 41

Debriefing

Question 42

Depends on independent variable

Answer 42

Dependent variable