Research Methods Flashcards
What variable is manipulated by the experimenter?
Independent Variable
What Variable is measured by the experimenter?
Dependent Variable
__________ Research = Manipulation of variables to assess cause and effect
Experimental
__________ Research = In-depth observation of a small number of cases
Descriptive (Case Study)
___________ Research = In-depth observation of a phenomenon as it occurs in nature
Descriptive (Naturalistic observation)
____________ Research = Asking people questions about their attitudes, behaviour etc.
Descriptive (Survey)
____________ Research = Examines the extent to which two or more variables are related and can be used to predict one another
Correlational
A measure is ___________ if it produces consistent results
Reliable
A measure is ____________ if it accurately assesses or ‘samples’ the construct it is intended to measure.
Valid
The _________ is the score that falls right in the middle of the distribution of scores; half the participants score below it and half above it.
Median
_____________ refers to the extent to which participants tend to differ from one another in their scores.
Variability
The ___________ refers to the amount that the average participant deviates from the mean of the sample.
Standard Deviation
The _____________ is the most common or frequent score or value of the variable observed in the sample.
Mode
The ___________ is the statistical average of the scores of all participants.
Mean
The most important descriptive statistics are measures of
_________________, which provide an index of the way a typical participant responded on a measure.
Central Tendancy
Psychologists apply tests of statistical significance to determine whether positive results are likely to have occurred simply by chance.
True
Psychologists accept p values that fall below .05 (that have a probability of being accidental of less than 5 percent).
True
Statistical techniques are useful ways of making an argument, and are foolproof methods for establishing psychological truths
False
Common statistical tests are ?
analysis of variance (ANOVA) & Chi-square
