Research Methods

Question 1

Lab

Answer 1

-iv manipulated by researcher
-controlled, artificial

Question 2

Quasi

Answer 2

IV is already existing difference

Question 3

Field

Answer 3

IV manipulated by researcher
Natural setting

Question 4

Natural

Answer 4

IV occurs natural ( no control)
Natural setting

Question 5

Matched pairs design

Answer 5

-two different groups.
-matched by similar characteristics

Question 6

Repeated measures

Answer 6

-one group does both conditions
-counterbalance
-50% given controlled then experiment
-50% given experiment then controlled

Question 7

Independent measures

Answer 7

• two groups do one condition each

Question 8

Empiricism

Answer 8

All learning comes from only experiments or observations

Question 9

Inductive

Answer 9

-Develops a theory
-proposes a theory WITHOUT having developed any hypotheses and testing it through research.

Question 10

Deductive

Answer 10

-test an existing theory
-creates a testable hypothesis which can verify or disprove the theory they have proposed / observation they have made.
-with repeated testing, the theory can be expanded / confirmed.

Question 11

Counterbalancing

Answer 11

technique used to deal with order effects when using a repeated measures design. The participant sample is divided in half, with one half completing the two conditions in one order and the other half completing the conditions in the reverse order.

Question 12

Type I

Answer 12

False positive

Question 13

Type II

Answer 13

False negative

Question 14

Content analysis

Answer 14

Categorise content

Question 15

Hypothetico- deductive method

Answer 15

hypothesis is proposed, and consequences are deduced, which are then tested against experience. If the hypothesis is falsified, then we learn from the attempt, and are in a position to produce a better one. If not, then we can try other tests.

Question 16

Facilitated diffusion

Answer 16

the transport of polar molecules and ions into and out of a cell. It involves the use of carrier and channel proteins. Polar molecules cannot pass by simple diffusion. Polar molecules cannot cross the hydrophobic barrier, so instead travel via facilitated diffusion

Question 17

Simple diffusion

Answer 17

the net movement of particles down a concentration gradient, from a high concentration to low concentration