research methods 1.3

Question 1

what’s a raw data recording table

Answer 1

tables of data where each row contains an observation and each column represents a variable that describes some property of each observation

Question 2

what are estimations

Answer 2

rough calculations of the value

Question 3

what’s nominal level data

Answer 3

a variable that does not really have any evaluative distinction
Where one part of data is not better then the other eg gender

Question 4

what is ordinal level data

Answer 4

a kind of qualitative data that groups variables into ordered categories, which have a natural order or rank based on some hierarchical scale, like from high to low

Question 5

what is interval level data

Answer 5

data measured in fixed units with equal distance between points on the scale

Question 6

what is primary data

Answer 6

Data that has been generated by the researcher themselves

Question 7

what is secondary data

Answer 7

Data that has been collected from another source
Eg. google

Question 8

what are the three measures of central tendency

Answer 8

1. mean
2. mode
   3.medium

Question 9

how to work out mean

Answer 9

add up all values and divide by number of values

Question 10

how to work out mode

Answer 10

the most common value

Question 11

how to work out medium

Answer 11

the value in the middle when all are ordered

Question 12

what are the three measures of dispersion

Answer 12

1. Range
2. Variance
3. Standard deviation

Question 13

what is normal distribution curve

Answer 13

bell curve

Question 14

what is a skewed distribution curve

Answer 14

when the data points cluster more toward one side of the scale than the other, creating a curve that is not symmetrical

Question 15

what are significance levels

Answer 15

Probability that the even could have occurred by chance

Question 16

what are the 5 non-parametric tests

Answer 16

1. Mann-Whitney U Test
2. Wilcoxon Signed Ranks test
3. Chi-Square
4. Binomial Sign Test
5. Spearman’s Rho

Question 17

when do you use Mann-Whitney U Test

Answer 17

1. interval or ordinal level data
2. independent measures design

Question 18

when do you use Wilcoxon Signed Ranks test

Answer 18

1. ordinal or interval type of data
2. repeated measures design

Question 19

when do you use Chi-Square

Answer 19

1. nominal level data
2. independent measures design

Question 20

when do you use Binomial Sign Test

Answer 20

1. nominal level data
2. repeated measures design

Question 21

when do you use Spearman’s Rho

Answer 21

1. at least an ordinal type of data
2. A correlational design has been used

Question 22

what is a type one error

Answer 22

investigator rejects a null hypothesis that is actually true

Question 23

what is a type two error

Answer 23

investigator fails to reject a null hypothesis that is actually false

Question 24

what are demand characteristics

Answer 24

cues that might indicate the research objectives to participants