research methods 1.2

Question 1

what is the research aim

Answer 1

Identifies purpose of investigation

Question 2

what is a null hypothesis

Answer 2

No difference will be found in the results between the conditions

Question 2

what is an alternative hypothesis

Answer 2

Significant difference in the results between the two conditions

Question 3

what is an one tailed hypothesis

Answer 3

States the specific direction the researcher expects the results to move

Question 4

what is a target population

Answer 4

Set of people researchers want to find out about

Question 4

what is a two tailed hypothesis

Answer 4

States that a difference will be found between the conditions of the independent variable
Does Not state direction of results

Question 5

what is a sample

Answer 5

small set of people taken from the target population

Question 6

what does representative mean

Answer 6

how well a sample reflects the target population

Question 7

what are the four types of sampling

Answer 7

1. random
2. snowball
3. opportunity
4. self selected

Question 8

what is random sampling

Answer 8

Every member of the population has a fair and equal chance of taking part

Question 9

what is snowball sampling

Answer 9

Participants are recruited through being friends/colleagues of existing participants

Question 10

what is opportunity sampling

Answer 10

Anyone who is available at the time of your research

Question 11

what is self selected sampling

Answer 11

Participants choose themselves to take part in the study

Question 12

what is an independent variable

Answer 12

What you change

Question 13

what is a dependant variable

Answer 13

What you measure

Question 14

what is a control variable

Answer 14

things you have to keep the same

Question 15

what are the three experimental designs

Answer 15

1. repeated measures design
2. indépendant measures design
3. matched participant design

Question 16

what is a repeated measures design

Answer 16

Same participants take part in each condition

Question 17

what is an independent measures design

Answer 17

Different participants take part in each condition

Question 18

what is a matched participant design

Answer 18

Pairs of participants matched in terms of key variables (age, IQ etc) and put in different conditions

Question 19

strength of repeated measures design

Answer 19

less participants needed so less costly

Question 20

weakness of repeated measures design

Answer 20

order effect

Question 21

strength of independent measures design

Answer 21

no order effect

Question 22

weakness of independent measures design

Answer 22

needs more participants

Question 23

strength of matched participants design

Answer 23

no order effect

Question 24

weakness of matched participants design

Answer 24

lose 2 participants if one drops out