Research Methods

Question 1

Methods: EXPERIMENTS (2)

Answer 1

Labatory Experiments
Field Experiments

Question 2

Methods: HYPOTHESES (4)

Answer 2

Directional
Non-Directional
Null
Alternative/ Experimental

Question 3

Methods: OPERATIONALISATION

Answer 3

Narrowing and specifying exactly what will be tested/ recorded

Question 4

Methods: EXPERIMENTAL VARIABLES (5)

Answer 4

Extraneous
Confounding
Situational
Participant
Experimenter

Question 5

Methods: EXPERIMENTAL CONTROL (3)

Answer 5

Standardisation
Double Blind
Single Blind

Question 6

Experimental Design: INDEPENDENT GROUPS DESIGN (3)

Answer 6

Different pps take part in each condition
Strengths: no order effects (demand characteristics) e.g. fatigue or practice effects
Weaknesses: individual differences, more people (cost, time)

Question 7

Experimental Design: REPEATED MEASURES DESIGN (3)

Answer 7

Each pps takes part in each condition
Strengths: less people
Weaknesses: order effects (demand characteristics) e.g. fatigue or practice effects

Question 8

Experimental Design: MATCHED PAIRS DESIGN (3)

Answer 8

Pairs of pps matched on appropriate variables relevant to experiment
Strengths: minimise individual differences, no order effects
Weaknesses: time, cost, effort, still some individual differences

Question 9

Improving Reliability (3)

Answer 9

Split Half Method
Test-retest Method
Inter-rater Reliability

Question 10

Improving Validity (4)

Answer 10

Construct Validity
Predictive Validity
Population Validity
Ecological Validity