Research Methods Flashcards
What is a covert observation? And give one weakness and one strength
When the participants dont know they are being watched/ studied
- strength= stops demand characteristics
- weakness= breaks ethical guideless and hard to do without the researcher being a participant
What is an overt observation? And give one weakness and one strength
When the participant does know that they are being watched/studied
- strength= solves the ethical issues of a covert
- weakness= can lead to demand characteristics
What is event sampling and give one limitation and one strength
Event sampling is creating a list of behaviours and everytime this behaviour happens you note it down
- strength= it gives a total value of behaviour
- weakness= it doesnt give times when the behaviour was noted
What is time sampling and give one weakness and one strength
Time sampling is recording behaviours present at set time intervals (eg every 1 min)
- strength= it gives a pattern of data over time
- weakness= doesnt give a total value of behaviour
When would you use a chi squared statistical test?
When we have nominal data and test of difference and an unrelated design or when we have nominal data testing association or correlation
When would you uae a mann whitney test?
Wheh we have ordinal data , testing differences and an unrelated design
When do you use an unrelated t-test?
When you have interval data , testing a dufference and an unrelated design
When do you use a sign test?
When we have nominal data , a test of difference and a related design
When do you use a wilcoxon test ?
When we have ordinal data , testing a difference , with a related design
When do you use a related t-test ?
When we have interval data , testing a difference and a related design
What measure of central tendancy do we use for nominal data ?
The mode
What measure of central tendancy do we use for ordinal data ?
The median
What measure of central tendancy do we use for interval data ?
The mean
What is nominal data ?
Set categories eg hair colour
What is ordinal data ?
Uses rankings eg 1st , 2nd
What is interval data?
Numbers , could a decimal but never 0 , eg IQ
What is the independant variable ?
What we are changing
What is the dependant variable ?
What we are measuring
What are extraneous variables?
Extra variables that may affect the outcome
What type of hypothesis is one tailed ?
A directional hypothesis, “ will increase/ decrease”
What type of hypothesis is two tailed ?
A non directional hypothesis , “ will gave an effect”
What is a null hypothesis?
Where you predicted there will be no effect
What is a lab experiment?
A controlled environment
What is a field experiment?
A lab experiment but in natural setting
