Research Methods Flashcards
Arrange the following steps of psychological research in the order that they occur:
Formulate a hypothesis Interpret the results Analyse the data Report the findings Design the method Collect the data Identify the research problem
Identify the research problem Formulate a hypothesis Design the method Collect the data Analyse the data Interpret the results Report the findings
If Watson and Rayner proposed to carry out their “Little Albert” experiment today, it is likely that an ethics committee would not approve it due to the breach of the principle of Beneficence.
In their experiment, Watson and Rayner breached the principle of Beneficence by:
A. Not extinguishing little Albert’s fear of white fluffy objects.
B. Deceiving little Albert’s mother about the nature of the experiment.
C. Publishing information about the experiment that included little Albert’s name.
D. Causing distress to little Albert that was out of proportion to any gains from the experiment.
D. Causing distress to little Albert that was out of proportion to any gains from the experiment.
Validity is best described as:
A. The extent to which a measure assesses what it purports to measure
B. Tests containing items that look as if they are appropriate to a layperson, such that they can guess their purpose
C. The consistency of a measurement
D. A procedure that ensures every person in a population has an equal chance of being chosen to participate
A. The extent to which a measure assesses what it purports to measure
If a test does not measure all aspects of the construct it purports to measure, it lacks:
A. Construct validity B. Content validity C. Criterion validity D. Reliability E. Face validity
B. Content validity
________ considers how suitable the content of a test seems to be on the surface. An item without this would not appear relevant.
A. Construct validity B. Content validity C. Criterion validity D. Reliability E. Face validity
E. Face validity
The consistency of a measurement is best described as:
A. Construct validity B. Content validity C. Criterion validity D. Reliability E. Face validity
D. Reliability
Name 5 participant’s rights
- Privacy
- Anonymity
- Confidentiality
- Voluntary Participation
- Withdrawal Rights
ZW
What are the different sampling types?
- Random Sampling
- Random-Stratified Sampling
- Convenience Sampling
ZW
How do we know if something is an experiment?
It is, because
- The Independent Variable is manipulated
- The Dependant Variable is measured
ZW
List the different types of Variables in an experiment.
- Independent Variable
- Dependant Variable
- Controlled Variable
- Uncontrolled Variable
- Extraneous Variable
ZW
What are the 4 things you need to need to include in an Operational Hypothesis?
- A prediction
- The population of research interest
- Well-defined variables
- How the variables are measured
E.g.
The group of high school students that consume 3x 250ml cups of coffee everyday for 2 weeks will score higher on the ABC test of alphabet skills than the group that consumes 3x 250ml cups of decaffeinated coffee.
ZW
What is a Placebo effect?
a) When the behaviour of the experimenter can affect the outcome of the experiment if they treat the 2 groups in the experiment differently
b) Changes in behaviour of subjects that occur merely because of belief or expectation that a particular treatment will have that effect
c) A group of people of the same age who have experienced the same cultural conditions and environmental events
d) Change or improvement that results from practise or repetition of a test or activity
c) A group of people of the same age who have experienced the same cultural conditions and environmental events
ZW
The effect of an external event on members of a particular group that could bias their behaviour is known as the …
Cohort effect
NS
Which of the following is a qualitative method of data collection?
a) rating scale
b) blood pressure
c) heart rate
d) interviews
d) interviews
NS
A __________ involves the selection of a single case of a situation or individual and collection of information via interview and observation
a) archival research
b) case study
c) cross-sectional study
d) surveys
b) case study
NS
