Research integrity notes Flashcards
RRI
Responsible Research and Innovation
anticipatory governance
–> Academic institutions, governments, or international bodies
RI
Research integrity
Violation of the values of science
–> Colleages, collaborators, employees, institutions, discipline, academia
RE
Research ethics
Violation of bioethical standard
- non-maleficence
- Beneficence
- Autonomy
-Justice
Fabrication
making up results
Falsification
Manipulating materials, equipment, processes, suppressing data
Plagiarism
Using other people’s ideas without proper credit
misconducts in research
FFP
-Fabrication
-Falsification
- Plagiarism
Minor misconducts
- Diminishing authorship contribution
- Self-plagiarism
-Citing selectively to enhance own findings or to please editors, reviewers or colleagues - Withholding research results
- Allowing funders/sponsors to jeopardize independence of the research
- expanding unnecessarily the bibliography of the study
- Accusing a researcher of misconduct or other violations in a malicious way
- Misrepresenting research achievements
- Exaggerating the importance and practical applicability of findings
Misconduct
ethics
Offense crime
law
Questionable research practices (QRP)
1) P-hacking
- adjusting data so to obtain a certain p-value
2) Citation doping
3) Nepotism
4) HARKing
- Hypothesizing after the results are known
Impact factor (IF)
measure reflecting average number of citations by an academic journal
H-index
Hirsch index, calculation reflecting the number of publications and citations a scholar has
Causes of misconduct
- Pressure to publish
- Social control
- Misconduct policies
Responsible research and innovation (RRIs)
- societal engagement
-gender equality
-open access
-science education
-ethics
