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Law and Research > research final > Flashcards

research final Flashcards

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1
Q

what is a randomized process

A

the chances of a particular outcome occurring as the result of a random process

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2
Q

what is behavior prediction

A

probability can say something will likely happen, but not exactly when

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3
Q

what is complement

A

the chances a thing will not happen

the opposite of probability

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4
Q

what is p-score

A

tells you the odds of getting a particular result

small P value = good

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5
Q

P>0.10 is what

A

no evidence against the null hypothesis

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6
Q

0.05<P <0.10 is what

A

weak evidence against the null hypothesis

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7
Q

P<0.001 is what

A

very strong evidence

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8
Q

what is null hypothesis

A

the idea your hypothesis will not work

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9
Q

what is mean

A

the average

add them all and divide the number of items

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10
Q

what is median

A

the middle number in a set

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11
Q

what is mode

A

the number that appears the MOST

more useful for categorical data

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12
Q

when does the normal distribution (bell curve) occur

A

the mean is 0

the standard deviation is 1

the scores occur 50/50 on each side of the mean

mean, median and mode are equal

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13
Q

what are inferential statistics

A

used to make an inference about a population by measuring a part of the population

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14
Q

what is confidence interval

A

using the margin of error

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15
Q

effect size =

A

mean treatment - mean control
OVER
standard deviation

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16
Q

what is a false positive

A

when the null hypothesis is falsely rejected

ALPHA

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17
Q

what is a false negative

A

when the null hypothesis is falsely accepted

BETA

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18
Q

what does correlation indicate

A

association only

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19
Q

what does a confounding variable mean

A

another variable

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20
Q

what is reliability

A

outcomes are consistent when repeated

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21
Q

what is validity

A

measures exactly what you want them to measure

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22
Q

qualitative vs quantitative

A
23
Q

randomized controlled trial

A
24
Q

correlation

A

relationship between outcomes

correlation DOES NOT MEAN causation

25
Q

lit review

A

summarizes existing evidence on a topic
a question is posed
guidelines are set for what’s included in interview

26
Q

cross sectional

A
27
Q

prospective cohort

A
28
Q

case study

A
29
Q

case cohort

A
30
Q

concept 2 - variable types - nominal

A

CATEGORY

yes or no
dichotomous

31
Q

concept 2 - variable types - ordinal

A

ranked order

distance not equal between variables

32
Q

concept 2 - variable types - interval

A

numbers
ranked w equal intervals

33
Q

concept 2 - variable types - ratio variable

A
34
Q

what is heterogeneity

A

signifies diversity / variability

35
Q
A
36
Q

quantitative vs qualitative

REALITY

A

quan: quantifiable, objective

qual: based on observer, subjective

37
Q

quantitative vs qualitative

CAUSE & EFFECT

A

quan: linear

qual: based on many factors, unique based on situation

38
Q

quantitative vs qualitative

RESEARCH

A

quan: reproducible, base on manipulation of variables

qual: individual, based on what happens naturally

39
Q

quantitative vs qualitative

THE RESEARCHER IS

A

quan: separate from study, as objective as possible

qual: intertwined in study, as objective as possible

40
Q

quantitative vs qualitative

PARTICIPANT SELECTION

A

quan: random

qual: usually based on knowledge / experience

41
Q

quantitative vs qualitative

STUDY DESIGN

A

quan: can be observational/experimental, generalized to population, involves quantifiable outcomes, decided beforehand

qual: open ended interviews, open ended surveys, direct observations, involves descriptions, may change as study proceeds

42
Q

quantitative vs qualitative

DATA

A

quan: numbers

qual: words

43
Q

where do citations go

A

body of paper to give credit to OG author of idea you’re presenting

44
Q

how to reference journal article

A

Last name, Initial (s). (Date). Title of article. Title of Journal, Issue (Volume), - italicized Page # - Page #. http://doi.org/number

45
Q

what is a citation

A

is in the body of the paper and credits a quotation or idea to the author who originally wrote it

citation points reader to the references

46
Q
A
46
Q

where would you include chart notes

A

appendices

included after reference page

47
Q

order of APA pages

A

cover
abstract
body (intro, methods, results, conclusion)
references
appendices

48
Q

descriptive studies

A

case study
case series
correlational study
qualitative study

49
Q

what goes in the introduction of the paper

A

reveals purpose of the paper, starting broadly and narrows down to specific question

50
Q

what goes in material and methods

A

outlines and how the study was carried out

51
Q

what goes in results

A

presents key results without interpretation in an orderly, logical sequence

graphs, statistics

52
Q

what goes in discussion

A

interprets results in light of what was already known and to explain new problem

53
Q

what is step 3 of evidence based medicine

A

appraise the evidence

Law and Research (4 decks)

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