Research Articles & People

Question 1

Nasher (1976)

Answer 1

• gastrocnemius stretch
  Found that the reflex adapts based on if the movement is functionally appropriate

Question 2

Semmler et al. (1999)

Answer 2

• change in neural strategy (recruitment) following injury
• intermittent MU firing instead of progressive increase

Question 3

Adachi et al. (2002)

Answer 3

Increased ACL remnants resulted in more leftover mechanoreceptors and better proprioceptive function

Question 4

Valbo et al. (1981)

Answer 4

Microneurographic
- assessed alpha-gamma co-activation by having participants flex a finger
- because of unloading, Ia afferents should have decreased in firing, but that was not seen
- first proof of gamma MN firing

Question 5

Prochazka (1988)

Answer 5

• cats and different activities
• static gamma MNs activated and progressively increased firing when the changes were slow and predictable
• dynamic gamma MNs were activated and increased firing the more rapid and unpredictable changes became

Question 6

Stein & Capaday (1988)

Answer 6

• looked at soleus firing during gait
• soleus decreased H-wave on swing phase and increased H-wave on stance phase
• modulation of reflex gain is based on functional demands of task

Question 7

Alexander, McMullan, Harrison (2008)

Answer 7

• effects of taping on motor neuron pool excitability
• taping along decreased H-wave, therefore less Ia afferents being fired

Question 8

Field-Fote & Tepavac (2002)

Answer 8

• stimulated peroneal nerve to elicit reflex response and assist in gait of injured participants
• after treatment there was an increase in joint coupling

Question 9

Lackner (1988)

Answer 9

• Pinocchio illusion; kinesthetic illusions
• perceived muscle lengthening with the TVR

Question 10

Inglis & Frank (1990)

Answer 10

• kinesthetic illusion
• position of arm was overestimated when the lengthening muscle is vibrated

i.e extension & biceps brachii being stimulated or flexion and triceps brachii being stimulated