Research

Question 1

three approaches to research

Answer 1

qualitative, quantitative, mixed methods

Question 2

qualitative research

Answer 2

focuses on understanding meaning, uses emerging questions, collects data in participant’s setting, uses the inductive approach to analysis, has a written report that is flexible in structure

Question 3

quantitative research

Answer 3

tests objective theories, examines relationships among measurable variables, uses survey instruments that produce numerical data, uses statistical analysis of data generated, tests theories deductively, uses a set structure for the final report

Question 4

mixed methods research

Answer 4

collects both quantitative and qualitative data, integrates the two forms of data, uses distinct designs that may involve philosophy or theory, yields additional insight to a research problem

Question 5

four common worldviews

Answer 5

post positivism, constructivism, transformative, pragmatism

Question 6

postpositivism

Answer 6

determination, reductionism, empirical observation and measurement, theory verification

Question 7

constructivism

Answer 7

understanding, multiple participant meanings, social and historical construction, theory generation

Question 8

transformative

Answer 8

political, power and justice oriented, collaborative, change-oriented

Question 9

pragmatism

Answer 9

consequences of actions, problem-centered, pluralistic, real-world practice oriented

Question 10

quantitative approach is best when

Answer 10

identifying factors that influence a particular outcome, evaluating the utility of an intervention, understanding best predictors of an outcome

Question 11

qualitative approach is best when

Answer 11

the topic is new, the subject has not been addressed with a certain sample, existing theories do not apply

Question 12

mixed methods approach is best when

Answer 12

neither quantitative or qualitative approaches are adequate to understand a research problem, the strength of qualitative and qualitative approaches provides the best understanding

Question 13

lit review

Answer 13

shares the results of other studies, relates the study to the larger dialogue in the literature, provides a framework for establishing the importance of the study, provides a benchmark for comparing the results to other findings

Question 14

intervening or mediating variables

Answer 14

variables that stand between the independent and dependent variables
transmit the effects

Question 15

moderating variables

Answer 15

predictor variables that affect the relationship between independent and predictor variables