RES: Consumer Health Technologies Flashcards
This serves for the health and well-being of individuals and for the hygiene of the conditions of the populations
Medicine
This serves for organizing our lives, with the task of building environments of living which relief humans from burdens and which finds beauty enabling designs of human environments
Technology
This allows for innovative solutions in the reform of the organizational and managerial components of health care systems
Information and communication technologies (ICT)
This enables information to be processed and transformed, and are fast becoming a strategic innovative element for health promotion and education in most developed countries
ICT
This changes the way we interact with each other as well as the way services are provided by the several industries
Communication using Internet, smart phones and social media
It become an integral part of the modern concept of health due to the swift dissemination of information
Internet
Mobile digital devices such as smartphones, tablet computers and wearable
sensor-based devices are able to connect to the internet from almost any location
Web 2.0 (Social Web)
Social media platforms such as Twitter, Facebook, YouTube and Instagram allows creation of content and sharing of personal data by users
Web 2.0 (Social Web)
Emerging as the next stage of digital technologies
Web 3.0 (Semantic Web or Internet of Things)
Interconnection of smart objects that will exchange data with each other without the need for human intervention
Web 3.0 (Semantic Web or Internet of Things)
This is the term that is used to encompass the wide range of technologies that are used for health care, health informatics, health education, health promotion and public health purposes
DIGITAL HEALTH
Use of medical informatics methods to facilitate the study and development of paper or electronic
systems that support public access to and use of health and lifestyle information.
CONSUMER HEALTH INFORMATICS
Consumers can ideally use information technology to gain
access to information, and control their own health care thereby utilizing healthcare resources more
efficiently
Information age healthcare system
A person who seeks information about health promotion, disease prevention, treatment of specific conditions and management of various health conditions and chronic illnesses
HEALTH CONSUMERS
Persons with specific health conditions who is proactive in control and well informed of their personal health care; most common consumers
Patients
Have an important role in health care decision making and care giving
Patient’s family/ caregivers
People who don’t have specific health conditions but are concerned about promoting optimal health and who wants to maintain or improve their health state
Others
A tends to choose and get involved in decision making whereas a ‘patient’ tends to be a person who receives care without necessarily taking part in decision making
A consumer
allows consumers to participate in their own health care via electronic means
CONSUMER HEALTH TECHNOLOGY
It is seen as vital for patient engagement and empowerment as it allows patients to take charge of their own health and interactions with health professionals
CONSUMER HEALTH TECHNOLOGY
What are the roles of health care professionals?
- Educate and encourage people to utilize technologies
- apply technologies to
health
“Actions that people take for their health and to benefit from care” (definition from Institute for Healthcare Improvement)
Patient engagement
It is the key strategy that refers to tools and actions taken by patients, caregivers and health care providers to promote informed decision making and behaviors to facilitate health outcomes
patient engagement
Patients should have an active role in their healthcare
Patient engagement
Key factor for successful treatment of chronic diseases
Adherence
Aimed at improving patient experience, patient satisfaction and patient outcomes
Patient engagement
This implies active involvement of both clients/ patients and HCP→better health outcomes and reduce costs
Engagement
Offers new possibilities to enhance patient’s motivation
Health enabling technologies and gamification
It has the potential to integrate patients as key players in their own treatment by offering
more treatment access as well as self-management tools
Technology
Technologies that focus on patient engagement usually involves the ff:
- Managing patient health data
- Managing communication with physicians
- Self-care at home
- Education
Defined as the delivery and facilitation of health and health-related services including medical care, provider and patient health-related education, health information services, public health, health administration, and self care via telecommunications and digital communication technologies
Telehealth and Telemedicine
Use of digital information and communication technologies such as computers and mobile devices, to access health care services remotely and manage health care
Telehealth and Telemedicine
Allow distant health workers to diagnose, manage patient care, follow-up, evaluate care to patients, and improve access to tertiary level care advice
Telehealth and Telemedicine
Practice of medicine over distance, in which interventions, diagnostic and treatment decisions and recommendations are based on data, documents and other information transmitted through telecommunication systems (World Medical Association)
Telemedicine
can occur between 2 health professionals (e.g. to get a second opinion), between a patient and a health professional (teleconsultation), or between different health professionals (as in discussion of clinical cases and teaching medicine)
Healing at a distance
Can be done through electronic media such as video, image, audio, chat, whiteboard, desktop sharing, e-mail, SMS
Healing at a distance
The specialist, patient and primary care doctor don’t need to all be communicating at the same time
Asynchronous telemedicine
Refers to the capture, storage and transmission of patient health information for asynchronous healthcare delivery using technology
Asynchronous telemedicine
Enable HCPs to forward and share patient medical data (lab results, images, videos, records) with a provider at a different location; may also be used for referral of cases that may include images
Asynchronous telemedicine
Message exchange occurs with a variable time interval; generally demands less computational resources (lower bandwidth, network quality lower and lower processing capacity)
Asynchronous telemedicine
Aka self monitoring or self-testing
Asynchronous telemedicine
Involves the reporting, collection, transmission and evaluation of patient health data through electronic devices such as wearables, mobile devices, smartphone apps and internet
enabled computers
Asynchronous telemedicine
Using a range of digital
technologies to collect medical and other forms of health data from individuals in one location and electronically transmit that information securely to HCP in a different location for assessment and recommendations
Asynchronous telemedicine
Allows a provider to continue to track healthcare data for a patient once released to home or a care facility, which aids in reducing readmission rates
Asynchronous telemedicine
Makes it easy to watch for warning signs and quickly intervene in patients who are at health risk or are recovering from a recent surgery
Asynchronous telemedicine
Live interaction between a HCP and patient or between health professionals using audio and video communication; exchange of messages is immediate or with little delay
Synchronous telemedicine
Offers a virtual alternative to the in- person doctor’s visit→ Videoconferencing
Synchronous telemedicine
Requires the use of a compatible device, internet connection, microphone and webcam→ requires more technology and infrastructure
Synchronous telemedicine
Examples of softwares used for telemedicine:
Teladoc, DoctoronDemand, LiveHealth Online
utilizes technology to communicate and perform clinical assessment and therapy for rehabilitation patients; involves providing rehabilitation through information and communication technology regardless of the patient’s geographical location
Telerehabilitation
Usually has a strong visual element with video conferences and webcams commonly used to assist in communicating Sx and clinical progress
Telerehabilitation
Consists of patient assessment, clarification of goals, patient-tailored therapies including exercise, as well as interdisciplinary collaboration between different health professionals
Telerehabilitation
what are the advantages of telerehabilitation
- Eliminate practical barriers
- allows for more frequent exercise sessions
- include interactive features and
gamification elements - support long term exercise maintenance
what are the disadvantages of telerehabilitation?
- Loss of human contact/ face to face interaction
- Computer literacy among users may affect adherence
- Technology must be available and affordable to those who want to make use of telerehabilitation
- Reduced internet availability
Challenges to telemedicine/ telerehabilitation
Affordability
* Cost-effectiveness is still unknown
Collection of information about a person’s health that he/she
controls and maintains
personal health record
With this, patients can maintain and manage their health information in a private, secure and confidential technological environment
electronic application
According to _____, t is a
system where patients fill in the information from their own records and memories and the data is stored on the patient’s computers or on the Internet; patients can decide whether to share the information with providers, family members or anyone else involved in their care; in some cases, information can be downloaded from other sources into the PHR
ONC (Office of the National Coordinator for Health Information Technology US)
the major distinguishing factor associated with standalone PHRs
Patient data management
It is maintained in a secure and private environment for health records
PHR
Ensures sensitive data stays within the user’s control
Personal health records (PHR)
owned, stored, and maintained by HCP (doctors’ offices, hospitals/ health care institution)
Electronic Health Record
contain more extensive information because it is used by health care providers to store visit notes and test results
Electronic Health Record
owned and managed by patient/ individual→ patients input information into their own records and the information is stored on the patient’s computers or the internet
Personal Health Record
does NOT replace the patient’s official and legal medical record in the hospital/ clinic; it is a separate document from the medical record
PHR
PHR can be linked to a specific healthcare organization’s EHR→tethered PHR
Patient web portals
This is a secure online website that give patients convenient, 24- hour access to personal health information from any computer or mobile device with an internet
connection
Patient web portals
Medical and public health practice supported by mobile devices such as mobile phones, patient
monitoring devices, and other wireless devices (WHO, 2011)
Mobile health (mHealth)
a handheld computing device characterized by touch screen display for input, streamlined operating system and apps
mobile device
refers to healthcare applications and programs patients use on their smartphones, tablets or laptops
Mobile health (mHealth)
refers to technology that promotes engagement by feeding that natural
human desire to play a game, compete with others and receive rewards
gamification
Use of digital technologies to collect health data from patients and sending the info to the health care
provider
DIGITAL PATIENT MONITORING
to monitor health and clinical signs of a patient remotely
Remote patient monitoring
Use of wearable devices that record and transmit information such as HR, blood glucose, gait, posture control, tremors, physical activity or sleep patterns
Remote patient monitoring (RPM)
Theseare electronic devices that consumers can wear and are designed to collect the data of users’ personal health and exercise
Wearable health technology
Provide patients with the ability to take their own medical-grade vitals at home on any number of devices, and simply upload the biometric data to an app where it can be
tracked by the consumer
Wearable health technology
- Among the fastest growing segment in consumer electronic purchases
- A small electronic device that uses an accelerometer (instrument that measure acceleration forces)
to assess physical activity; available to determine the timing and patterns of activity as well as
some features of movement such as steps and intensity
Consumer-wearable Activity/ Fitness trackers
Person’s living environments such as homes (with room based sensors e.g. for motion analysis) or in other daily environments such as cars, workplaces or shopping centers
Sensors
It is an analytical device that detects changes in biological processes and converts them into an electrical signal
Biosensor
Synchronous telemedicine
REAL TIME TELEHEALTH
Asynchronous telemedicine
STORE AND FORWARD TELEMEDICINE (SFT)
Involves the reporting, collection, transmission and evaluation of patient health data through electronic devices
REMOTE PATIENT MONITORING (RPM)
Medical and public health practice supported by mobile devices such as mobile phones, patient monitoring devices, and other wireless devices (WHO, 2011)
MOBILE HEALTH (mHealth)
Refers to technology that promotes engagement by feeding that natural human desire to play a game, compete with others and receive rewards
gamification
Use of devices that record and transmit information electronically
Remote patient monitoring
Use of digital technologies to collect health data from patients and sending it to the HCP
Digital patient monitoring
Widely used in clinical applications for blood glucose
monitoring and diagnosis of diabetes
GLUCOSE BIONSENSORS OR GLUCOMETER
designed to measure blood oxygen levels in
the brain for intensive care
Neuromonitoring system by Luciole Medical
monitor ingestion of aripiprazole used inschizophrenia, bipolar disorder and depression
Digital pill by Otsuka Pharmaceutical
device for real time monitoring of tissue oxygen with applications in peripheral artery disease, chronic wounds such as diabetic ulcers, sleep apnea, COPD and reconstructive surgery
Lumee Oxygen Platform by Profuse
Give qualifications of authors
Authority
Information to support, not replace
Complementarity
Respect the privacy of site users
Confidentiality
Cite the sources and dates of medical information
Attribution
Justification of claims or balanced and objective claims
Justifiability
Accessibility, provide valid contact details
Transparency
Provide details of funding
Financial disclosure
clearly distinguish advertising from editorial content
advertising
Includes the source, currency, Credibility relevance/utility, and editorial review process for the information
credibility
Must be accurate and complete, and an appropriate disclaimer provided
content
Includes informing the user of the site’s purpose, as well as any profiling or collection of information associated with using the site
Disclosure
Evaluated according to selection, architecture, content, and back linkages
Links
Clarification of whether site’s function is to market products and services or is a primary information content provider
Caveats
Encompasses accessibility, logical organization (navigability), and internal search capability
Design
Includes feedback mechanisms and means for exchange of information among users
Interactivity
