Requirements Flashcards
Describe the four main activities in establishing requirements?
1) Gathering data
2) Analysing data
3) Interpreting data
4) Presenting findings in a way that can be expressed as requirements.
What is a scenario? And what are types?
Scenario are informal narrative descriptions. A rich description of how a particular individual achieves their goals.
The two types of scenarios are.
Existing and futuristic
What is use-case?
It describes the interaction between a user ( actor) and the existing system. As a sequence of high level actions.
What are essential use cases?
They are more abstract versions of use cases. They just allocate subtasks to users and system in terms of the users intention and systems responsibility, with no indication as to how it may be achieved. They contain no assumptions on the technology being used and can thus be implemented in a number of ways.
What is the difference between a Likert scale and semantic scale?
Likert scale uses a graduation of values, while semantic scale uses pairs of semantic opposites to label opposite ends of scale.
What are considerations when using the following data gathering technique?
Interviews
Questionnaires
Semantic differential scale
Interviews have to decide nature of interview technique? Unstructured, Structured or semi-structured.
Questionnaires may have to be carefully piloted, ensure that you do not include insensitive or illegal questions in it. ( cultural considerations have to be taken into consideration with web questionnaires)
What are four guidelines for getting data specifically for requirements?
1) focus on identifying stakeholder
2) involving all stakeholders
3) involve more than one representative for each group
4) support data gathering session with suitable props such as ask description and prototype.
What is naturalistic observation? Give two techniques that might distract participants of an observational study?
Naturalistic observation involves study of people as they go about their usual activities in their usual context.
The two techniques are
Think aloud which feels unnatural to some
Keeping of a diary is not something that most people do as part of normal working practice.
Way are the four factors that impact most on choice of data gathering techniques?
The four are
1) focus of study
2) characteristics of participants involved
3) nature of the technique
4) available resources
What are the seven data gathering techniques used in requirements gathering?
1) Interviews
2) focus group or workshops
3) questionnaires
4) direct observation
5) indirect observation ( diaries, interaction logs)
6) studying documentation
7) researching similar products
What are areas of investigation when gathering requirements?
Domain of application- standards, legislation or rules, security implications. Example of domain is financial services
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Data requirements- type,amount, accuracy, range of values, data storage ( length of time) , how often changes , value of data.
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User characteristics- experience, level of education, age, gender, disabilities, motivation for product use, attitude towards similar product.
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Stakeholders - potential users f product
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Environment -
Physical:- s environment dirty , outside weather
Social: des it support collaborative work etc
Organisational: hierarchy of organisation structure, user support
Technical: deals with compatibility with other tech, etc
Cultural:
(Political)
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Characteristics
Are tasks to be supported simple or complex subtasks
Do they vary
Are they time critical
Will they be performed frequently by same users?
Are there safety/security issues
Will the tasks be performed by one or more users alone or acting together
Will users be switching between several tasks
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Usability goals: establish according to ffg : effectiveness , efficiency , utility ,safety, learnability , memorability
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User experience goals:
Establish following : enjoyable, pleasurable, as ethically pleasing, motivating,
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Other constraints: technological , time/cost on development , time/cost on developed product?
What method can you use to prioritise order of requirements from stakeholders?
Using MoSCoW prioritisation . Must have Should have Could have Won't just right now
What are GOMS and what are there purpose?
GOMS E stand for goals , operations, methods and selection rules. They are used in Task analysis which is way to investigate existing situation itch out envisioning a new product.
Requirements are not stable through out life- cycle of a ID . Describe two main areas in life cycle and effects that requirements activity has?
1) In user- centered design it is expected that the requirements be modified after initial requirements gathering.
2) when users interact with the alternative designs, it is expected that the individual requirements might be added to, deleted from as simple life cycle model for interaction design.
