Republican Presidency 1877-1884 + Clevland Flashcards

1
Q

When was president Haynes president between

A

1877 - 1881

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2
Q

What calls for reform were there from Hayes

A

He wanted to reform the civil system of appointment instead of being party loyalty focused he wished to make the system more meritocrical, by 1870 the system of goverment was very incompetent

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3
Q

What efforts did hayes make towards ending corruption

A

Appointments of Carl schurz and William evarts-
To show his commitment to reform hayes appointed one of the best known advocates of reform, Carl schurz and he asked him and evarts to lead a special cabinet tasked with drawing up new rules for federal appointments.

Executive order issued-
Hayes issued an executive order that forbade federal officeholders from being required to make campaign contributions or otherwise take part in any party pollitics.

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4
Q

How did Chester Arthur react

A

Refused to obey presidents orders hayes sacked him and replaced him with one of his own nominees

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5
Q

What is the spoils system

A

How jobs are handed out based on pollitical support

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6
Q

What importance did hayes play in the great railroad strike of 1877

A

Hayes was prepared to send in federal troops when requested to do so by several governors. Such as those of New York and Baltimore who feared possible riots. Buisness leaders praised hayes who seemed to establish the principle of federal government support for buisness and in the face of possible strikes.

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7
Q

What is hayes overall legacy

A

Initially he is viewed as a lame duck president as straight away he promises to only be a one term president also due to the 1877 compromise his opponents had been greatly strengthened. However hayes got the ball rolling and showed support for buisness

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8
Q

When was James Garfield president

A

1881

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9
Q

How did Garfield attempt to end corruption with federal authority.

A

He supported the reform of the civil service, believing that the spoils system was damaging the presidency. He strengthened federal authority over New York’s Custom House stronghold of roscoe conkling who was leader of the stalwarts

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10
Q

How did Garfield attempt to end corruption with appointment of Robertson

A

When Garfield submitted to the senate a list of new appointments he appointed roscoe Conklings biggest enemy William H Robertson to run the customs house. Conkling contested and to persuade the senate to block it, conkling resigned as a result.

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11
Q

What was the reform of the post office and star routes

A

In 1880 there had been a congressional investigation into corruption into the post office department, where profeteering rings allegedly stole millions of dollars employing bogus mail contracts called star routes. Hayes had stopped the implementation of any new star route contracts in a reform effort. Garfield forced the resignation of one of the ring leaders Thomas J Brady.

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12
Q

Why was Garfield assassinated

A

Charles Guiteau who shot him was an unsuccessful lawyer and insurance salesman he believed Garfield owed him a patronage position in the diplomatic corps and that the presidents pollitical decsisions threatened to destroy the Labour Party

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13
Q

When was Arthur president

A

1881-1884

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14
Q

What was the Pendleton act of 1883

A

The author of this act was George pendelton, this was the first law specifically imitednd to begin the professional handling of the civil service. The act called for a merit system for promotions within the service and ensured continuity in federal employees from one administration to the next

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15
Q

What was the immigration law Arthur signed

A

Arthur signed the first federal immigration act that excluded paupers criminals and the metally ill

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16
Q

How did Arthur affect the Chinese exclusion act

A

After vetoed the bill but he signed a revised bill that was not as harsh

17
Q

What did Arthur do to tariff rates

A

Arthur tried to lower tariff rates so the goverment would not be embarrassed by analog surplus of revenue.
Arthur signed the tariff act of 1883 which only reduced tariffs by an average of 1.47%

18
Q

What was Cleveland’s view on patronage

A

Initially supportive of continuing civil service reform and this gained him lots of support from the republicans

19
Q

Why did Cleveland win the election

A

His opposition James Blaine was accused of being corrupt involving railroad interests, some republicans formed a group called mugwumps they were unhappy with Blaine abandoned him and voted for an honest democratic president in Cleveland they were now known as the goo goos

20
Q

How did Cleveland prove he wanted to reform the civil service

A

Soon after he gained presidency he was tasked with appointing all the roles a president had the power of appointing he said he wouldn’t remove any republican who was doing a good job, although later on more democrats were appointed it was done on merit