Reproductive Technology

Question 1

17th century– 1800s

Answer 1

Observed biology

Question 2

1950s

Answer 2

Shown that traits are passed down from parents

Question 3

60s

Answer 3

First ultrasound

Question 4

1978

Answer 4

First test tube baby

Question 5

6 prohibited acts

Answer 5

Cloning/creating embryo for any purpose other than reproduction
Maintain embryo outside body more than 14 days post fert.
Screen, select, influence sex selection
Heritable gene alterations
Cross species alterations or transplants
No purchasing or selling

Question 6

Egg repair

Answer 6

Nucleus of mothers egg is placed in donor egg

Question 7

Embryo repair

Answer 7

Mother’s egg is fertilized by father’s sperm, parents nucleus is removed and placed in donor embryo

Question 8

Eugenics

Answer 8

Controlled breeding practices used to improve genetic quality of offspring

Question 9

Positive eugenics

Answer 9

Healthier babies

Question 10

Negative eugencis

Answer 10

Increased abortions because people think traits are unfavourable

Question 11

6 objections to enhancement

Answer 11

Playing god
Introducing risks
Threats to diversity and humanity
Paradoxical counter productivity
Misuse and inequality of resources
Problems of free choice and autonomy

Question 12

1927

Answer 12

Virginia ruling to sterilize defective people

Question 13

Carrie Buck

Answer 13

Became pregnant at 17 and was institutionalized in fear she would pass on her mother’s promiscuity

Question 14

IVF

Answer 14

Create embryos that have been genetically tested

Question 15

Genetic testing

Answer 15

Diagnose or predict presence or susceptibility to genetic conditions in people high risk for certain disorders

Question 16

Genetic screening

Answer 16

Evaluate a person, group or population for prescence or susceptibility to genetic conditions without regard to family history or risk factors

Question 17

Recombinant DNA

Answer 17

Transfer a DNA fragment from one organism to a self-replicating genetic element

Question 18

Reproductive cloning

Answer 18

Genetic material is transferred into a donor cell whose material has been removed– egg is stimulated to divide and transferred into surrogate mother

Question 19

Therapeutic cloning

Answer 19

Human embryos are produced exclusively for research– stem cells and study development

Question 20

2special properties of stem cells

Answer 20

Ability to self-renew

Ability to differentiate into specialized cells

Question 21

Embryonic stem cells

Answer 21

Obtained from blastocytes. Undifferentiated and can form multiple tissues

Question 22

Adult stem cells

Answer 22

Obtained from adult tissue– blood, bone marrow, skin cells, umbilical cord blood

Question 23

4 viable sources of ESC

Answer 23

Cadaveric fetal tissue
IVF embryos that will now be destroyed
IVF embryos made solely for research
Embryos created asexually through somatic cell nuclear transfer

Question 24

Genetic treatment

Answer 24

Change genome of person living with genetic abnormality to improve quality and length of life

Question 25

Genetic enhancement

Answer 25

Making changes to a person’s genome to improve genetic code and generate desirable characteristics beyond what is typical for the species

Question 26

Positive genetic engineering

Answer 26

Enhancements make improvements to individual

Question 27

Negative genetic engineeing

Answer 27

Treatment removes defects

Question 28

Glannon

Answer 28

Only therapeutic genetic enhancements are appropriate

Question 29

Brock

Answer 29

In favour of genetic enhancement as long as its the parents that select for the children