Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Human Reproduction > Reproductive System (slides) > Flashcards

Reproductive System (slides) Flashcards

1
Q

How many egg and sperm are fertilized for identical twins?

A

1 egg, 1 sperm that split

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

How many egg and sperm cells are involved in the fertilization of fraternal twin fetuses?

A

2 eggs, 2 sperm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

It is the time from the first day of a period to the first day of the next.

A

Menstrual cycle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

It refers to the monthly discharge of blood and endometrial tissue

A

Menstruation/Period

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is another name for menstruation?

A

Menses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

How long does menstruation usually last?

A

3-7 days, with 5 being the average

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the purpose of the menstrual cycle?

A

To prepare the
body for a possible pregnancy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the common menstrual cycle length?

A

Between 21 to 35 days, with 28 days being the average.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Tre or False: Anything that falls outside the 21-35 day range is considered an irregular period.

A

TRUE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

True or False: Irregular period - could be indicative of an underlying menstrual disorder/

A

TRUE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are the phases of the menstrual cycle?

A

Menstruation Phase
Follicular Phase
Ovulation Phase
Luteal Phase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

This phase is the time of the month when the inner layer of the uterus, the endometrium, is shed.

A

Menstrual phase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What hormone are involved during the menstrual phase and at what concentrations?

A

Progesterone and Estrogen at their lowest concentrations

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

.This stage overlaps with menstruation and begins simultaneously

A

Follicular phase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

In this phase, eggs contained within the follicles on the ovaries begin to develop.

A

Follicular Phase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

The follicular phase typically lasts from day ___ to day ___

A

1; 14

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

True or False: The follicular phase continues from day 1 until the person undergoes ovulation.

A

TRUE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What hormones are involved in the follicular phase?

A

Estrogen and Luteinizing Hormones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What do you call the sacs that contain fluid and premature eggs?

A

Follicles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

On what day does the ovulation phase occur, and how long does it last?

A

Day 14; lasts for 12-24 hours

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

The release of the mature egg during the ovulation phase is triggered by what hormone?

A

Luteinizing Hormones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

True or False: The ovulation phase marks the only time conception is possible during the menstrual cycle.

A

TRUE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What will happen to an egg cell if it is not fertilized?

A

It will dissolve.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What hormone induced ovulation?

A

Luteinizing hormone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

During what phase of menstruation is estrogen at its highest concentration?

A

Ovulation period

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

What hormones are involved during the ovulation period?

A

Luteinizing hormone, estrogen, and progesterone.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

This phase is when the follicle that released the egg transforms into a structure called the corpus luteum.

A

Luteal phase.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

The corpus luteum mainly releases what hormones?

A

Progesterone and estrogen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

What does PMS mean?

A

Premenstrual syndrome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

True or False: PMS begins near the end of the follicular phase before entering menstruation.

A

FALSE. It occurs during the end of luteal phase.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

During what phase is luteinizing hormone at its highest?

A

Ovulation phase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

During what phase is progesterone at its highest concentration?

A

Luteal phase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

It is the chief male reproductive organ.

A

Testes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

It is the temporary storage of immature sperm cells.

A

Epididymis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

It is the hormone that induces formation of follicles.

A

Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

It is where sperm is developed.

A

Seminiferous tubules

37
Q

It is the average day of menstrual cycle.

A

5 days

38
Q

It is the hormone that induces ovulation.

A

Luteinizing hormone

39
Q

It is the phase of the menstrual cycle wherein progesterone and estrogen are at their lowest level.

A

Menstrual phase

40
Q

It is the phase of the menstrual cycle wherein pregnancy is possible.

A

Ovulation phase

41
Q

It is the phase of the menstrual cycle that always last for 14 days.

A

Follicular phase

42
Q

It is a female reproductive structure that is known as the site of fertilization.

A

Fallopian tube

43
Q

When the embryo reaches the uterus, it attaches itself to the soft tissues of the uterine wall. What is this process called?

A

Implantation

44
Q

What immediately forms around the zygote after fertilization?

A

Membrane

45
Q

After a zygote forms a membrane around itself, what is the name of the resulting mass of undifferentiated cells?

A

Embryo

46
Q

What are the stages of embryonic development?

A

Fertilization
Cleavage
Blastulation
Gastrulation
Neurulation
Organogenesis
Continued morphogenesis
End of first trimester
Second trimester
Third trimester

47
Q

During this stage of embryonic development, the zygote cleaves by mitosis as it moves down the uterus.

A

Cleavage

48
Q

During what stage of embryonic development does the embryo form a hollow ball and implant itself in the uterus?

A

Blastulation

49
Q

During this stage, there is the formation of placenta around 2-week old embryo.

A

Gastrulation

50
Q

During what stage of embryonic development does a 3 week old embryo develop muscle tissues,
vertebra, and blood vessels, nervous system?

A

Neuralation

51
Q

A 3 week old embryo is usually how large?

A

2 mm

52
Q

During this stage of embryonic development, formation of organs takes place.

A

Organogenesis

53
Q

During this stage, the embryo is at 2 months, and shows miniature limbs as hands, arms,
elbows, legs and knees

A

Continues morphogenesis

54
Q

During what stage of embryonic development is fetus at 3 months, and has completed organs?

A

End of first trimester

55
Q

During which trimester is the heartbeat detected?

A

Second trimester

56
Q

It is a eukaryotic cell formed by the process of fertilization, considered to be an early
development stage in all multi-cellular organisms.

A

Zygote

57
Q

It is formed after germinal stage, week 8 of gestation

A

Embryo

58
Q

What are the two structures that allow for the movement of substances to and from the embryo?

A

Umbilical cord and placenta

59
Q

It is the structure which connects the embryo to the mother.

A

Umbilical cord

60
Q

It is the part of the uterus to which the umbilical cord is attached.

A

Placenta

61
Q

True or False: The placenta is composed partly of the tissues of the uterus and partly tissues of the embryo.

A

TRUE

62
Q

What serves as the single bridge between the placenta and embryo?

A

Umbilical cord

63
Q

Twins who develop from a single fertilized egg that splits in two are called…?

A

Identical twins

64
Q

True or False: It is possible to have an identical twin who is the opposite sex.

A

FALSE. Identical twins can only ever be the same sex to one another.

65
Q

True or False: Fraternal twins are genetically no closer than brother and sister.

A

TRUE

66
Q

What is the largest number of twins?

A

12

67
Q

Refers to the time between conception and birth.

A

Gestation

68
Q

It is a noncancerous tumor that can grow on the inside of the uterus.

A

Uterine fibroids

69
Q

It is the enlargement of the prostate gland.

A

Benign prostatic hyperplasia

70
Q

It is one of the most common types of cancer.

A

Prostate cancer

71
Q

True or False: Prostate cancer is limited only to the prostate gland and nowhere else.

A

TRUE

72
Q

It is the inflammation of the epididymis.

A

Epididymitis

73
Q

It is the inflammation of both testicles.

A

Orchitis

74
Q

True or False: Endometriosis is incuriable.

A

TRUE

75
Q

It occurs when endometrial implants, comprised of tissue
normally found within the uterus, are present in other areas of the body.

A

Endometriosis

76
Q

True or False: Uterine fibroids are also known as myomas.

A

TRUE

77
Q

This is a condition wherein a woman produces higher-than normal amounts of male hormones. This hormone imbalance causes them to skip menstrual periods and makes it harder for them to get pregnant.

A

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)

78
Q

It is a process in which an egg is fertilized by a sperm outside of the female body.

A

In vitro fertilization

79
Q

It is an intervention strategy for treating diseases or injuries by introducing new adult stem cells to replace diseased
or damaged areas in the body.

A

Stem Cell Therapy

80
Q
A
81
Q

What do you call the part of the follicular phase that comes after menstruation?

A

Proliferative phase

82
Q

True or False: Excessive bleeding during the menstruation phase can lead to anemia.

A

TRUE. Especially for those with low iron levels.

83
Q

True or False: Excessive bleeding during the menstruation phase can lead to anemia.

A

TRUE. Especially for those with low iron levels.

84
Q

What hormone triggers the release of the mature egg cell during the luteal phase?

A

Luteinizing hormone

85
Q

During the ovulation phase, what will happen to the egg if it is not fertilized?

A

It will dissolve.

86
Q

What phase is characterized by bloating, cramping, tiredness, and irritability?

A

Menstruation Phase

87
Q

What phase of the menstrual cycle is characterized by increased energy levels?

A

Follicular Phase

88
Q

What stage of the menstrual cycle is characterized by increased body temperature?

A

Ovulation period

89
Q

What is secreted during the luteal phase that causes the endometrium to remain thick throughout pregnancy?

A

Human chorionic gonadotropin (HGC)

Human Reproduction (5 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions