Reproductive System Flashcards
It is the production of sex cells.
Gametogenesis
What is another name for sex cells?
Gametes
What are the two types of gametogenesis?
Spermatogenesis and oogenesis
The process of human sexual reproduction involves what two processes?
The process of gametogenesis and the process of fertilization
It is an organ system by which humans reproduce and bear live offspring.
Human reproductive system
It is a system composed of organs and glands that facilitates the reproduction of species.
Human reproductive system
What are the 4 functions of the human reproductive system?
Produce egg and sperm cells
Transport and sustain egg and sperm cells
Nurture developing offspring
Produce hormones
True or False: Male and female embryos look nearly alike until the 9th week of pregnancy.
FALSE. They look alike until the 7th week of pregnancy.
What causes male embryos to develop distinct features during the 7th week of pregnancy?
Production of hormones in the gonads of the male embryo.
True or False: Both testosterone and estrogen can be found in both sexes.
TRUE. Both hormones are present in all humans, but vary in concentration.
True or False: Females produce a large amount of testosterone, while males produce a large amount of estrogen.
FALSE. Suli hahahahahhaah
Also called the tunica dartos.
Scrotum
This organ helps in maintaining the optimal temperature for the testes to produce sperm.
Scrotum
This paired organ is located inside the scrotum.
Testes
What is the average size of the testes?
4-5 cm
In which part of the testes do sperm cells develop?
Seminiferous tubules
What is the role of the seminiferous tubules?
They are the site of spermatogenesis.
What reproductive hormone is released from the testes?
Testosterone
What organ is the site of sperm cell maturation?
Epididymis
True or False: The epididymis are found on the anterior side of the testes.
FALSE. They are found on the posterior side.
This organ is the temporary storage for sperm cells before ejaculation.
Epididymis
It is a hollow tube that also contains the urethra.
Penis
True or False: In males, the urethra is a part of both the reproductive and the endocrine system, while in females, it is only part of the endocrine system.
FALSE. It is a part of both the reproductive and urinary system.
What are the 4 major reproductive parts of the male reproductive system?
Scrotum, testes, epididymis, penis
What are the 3 transport tubes in the male reproductive system?
Vas deferens, urethra, ejaculatory duct
What is another name for the vas deferens?
Ductus deferens
This organ conveys mature sperm from the epididymis to the ejaculatory ducts near the urethra.
Vas deferens
It carries sperm out of the body.
Urethra
This organ extends to the prostate gland and joins with the urethra in the prostate gland.
Ejaculatory duct
What are the 3 accessory glands of the male reproductive system?
Seminal vesicle, prostate gland, Bulbourethral/Cowper’s gland
This gland secretes an alkaline fluid that contains sugar, which energizes the sperm.
Seminal vesicle
This gland releases a milky fluid that liquefies the semen, making the sperm move faster.
Prostate gland
True or False: The fluid secreted by the prostate gland makes up 25% of the semen.
TRUE
Which gland secretes an alkaline substance in the urethra that neutralizes acid from the urine?
Bulbourethral/Cowper’s gland
What are the three main parts of the sperm cell?
Head, midpiece, tail
In what part of the sperm can its mitochondria be found?
Midpiece
Where is the sperm’s genetic material located?
Head
It is used by the sperm for movement.
Tail
What s the purpose of the acrosome?
It is an acidic vacuole that contains a number of hydrolytic enzymes which can help penetrate the egg.
Where is the acrosome located?
Head
Why does the sperm have a plasma membrane on its tail?
To protect sperm against extracellular injuries & to respond to physiological challenges.
True or False: The optimum temperature for sperm cell production is higher than the normal body temperature.
FALSE. Optimum temperature is 34 degrees, lower than the normal body temperature of 37 degrees.
What is the optimum temperature for the sperm cell to survive?
20 degrees Celsius, 15-30 minutes after ejaculation
True or False: If the sperm is ejaculated, it can live for up to 5 days inside a female’s vagina.
TRUE
Up to how many days can a sperm live in a male’s body if it is not ejaculated?
74 days
How long can a sperm cell live if it is released into the open?
20-30 minutes?
What are the internal parts of the female reproductive system?
Ovaries, fallopian tubes, uterus, vagina, cervix
These paired organs produce the egg and secrete hormones.
Ovaries
These organs catch the egg from the ovary and transport it to the uterus.
Fallopian tubes
This organ is the site of fertilization.
Fallopian tubes
Fallopian tubes are also called…?
Oviducts
It is the site of implantation.
Uterus
What is the lining of the uterus called?
Endometrium
This organ allows entry of sperm and exit of baby at birth.
Vagina
It facilitates the passes of sperm into the uterine cavity.
Cervix
What are 3 external genitalia of the female reproductive system?
Labia majora, labia minora, clitoris
They are modified sweat glands used for milk production.
Mammary glands
How many glandular lobes can be found in each breast?
15-20 glandular lobes
What is the active hormone in mammary glands?
Prolactin
What is the role of the prolactin hormone?
For inducing milk production
It is a hormone that stimulates the contraction of cells in the mammary glands to help secrete milk.
Oxytocin
True or False: Oxytocin is the hormone that induces uterine contractions in labor and childbirth.
TRUE
