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Human Reproduction > Reproductive System > Flashcards

Reproductive System Flashcards

1
Q

It is the production of sex cells.

A

Gametogenesis

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2
Q

What is another name for sex cells?

A

Gametes

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3
Q

What are the two types of gametogenesis?

A

Spermatogenesis and oogenesis

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4
Q

The process of human sexual reproduction involves what two processes?

A

The process of gametogenesis and the process of fertilization

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5
Q

It is an organ system by which humans reproduce and bear live offspring.

A

Human reproductive system

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6
Q

It is a system composed of organs and glands that facilitates the reproduction of species.

A

Human reproductive system

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7
Q

What are the 4 functions of the human reproductive system?

A

Produce egg and sperm cells
Transport and sustain egg and sperm cells
Nurture developing offspring
Produce hormones

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8
Q

True or False: Male and female embryos look nearly alike until the 9th week of pregnancy.

A

FALSE. They look alike until the 7th week of pregnancy.

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9
Q

What causes male embryos to develop distinct features during the 7th week of pregnancy?

A

Production of hormones in the gonads of the male embryo.

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10
Q

True or False: Both testosterone and estrogen can be found in both sexes.

A

TRUE. Both hormones are present in all humans, but vary in concentration.

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11
Q

True or False: Females produce a large amount of testosterone, while males produce a large amount of estrogen.

A

FALSE. Suli hahahahahhaah

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12
Q

Also called the tunica dartos.

A

Scrotum

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13
Q

This organ helps in maintaining the optimal temperature for the testes to produce sperm.

A

Scrotum

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14
Q

This paired organ is located inside the scrotum.

A

Testes

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15
Q

What is the average size of the testes?

A

4-5 cm

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16
Q

In which part of the testes do sperm cells develop?

A

Seminiferous tubules

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17
Q

What is the role of the seminiferous tubules?

A

They are the site of spermatogenesis.

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18
Q

What reproductive hormone is released from the testes?

A

Testosterone

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19
Q

What organ is the site of sperm cell maturation?

A

Epididymis

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20
Q

True or False: The epididymis are found on the anterior side of the testes.

A

FALSE. They are found on the posterior side.

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21
Q

This organ is the temporary storage for sperm cells before ejaculation.

A

Epididymis

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22
Q

It is a hollow tube that also contains the urethra.

A

Penis

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23
Q

True or False: In males, the urethra is a part of both the reproductive and the endocrine system, while in females, it is only part of the endocrine system.

A

FALSE. It is a part of both the reproductive and urinary system.

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24
Q

What are the 4 major reproductive parts of the male reproductive system?

A

Scrotum, testes, epididymis, penis

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25
Q

What are the 3 transport tubes in the male reproductive system?

A

Vas deferens, urethra, ejaculatory duct

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26
Q

What is another name for the vas deferens?

A

Ductus deferens

27
Q

This organ conveys mature sperm from the epididymis to the ejaculatory ducts near the urethra.

A

Vas deferens

28
Q

It carries sperm out of the body.

A

Urethra

29
Q

This organ extends to the prostate gland and joins with the urethra in the prostate gland.

A

Ejaculatory duct

30
Q

What are the 3 accessory glands of the male reproductive system?

A

Seminal vesicle, prostate gland, Bulbourethral/Cowper’s gland

31
Q

This gland secretes an alkaline fluid that contains sugar, which energizes the sperm.

A

Seminal vesicle

32
Q

This gland releases a milky fluid that liquefies the semen, making the sperm move faster.

A

Prostate gland

33
Q

True or False: The fluid secreted by the prostate gland makes up 25% of the semen.

A

TRUE

34
Q

Which gland secretes an alkaline substance in the urethra that neutralizes acid from the urine?

A

Bulbourethral/Cowper’s gland

35
Q

What are the three main parts of the sperm cell?

A

Head, midpiece, tail

36
Q

In what part of the sperm can its mitochondria be found?

A

Midpiece

37
Q

Where is the sperm’s genetic material located?

A

Head

38
Q

It is used by the sperm for movement.

A

Tail

39
Q

What s the purpose of the acrosome?

A

It is an acidic vacuole that contains a number of hydrolytic enzymes which can help penetrate the egg.

40
Q

Where is the acrosome located?

A

Head

41
Q

Why does the sperm have a plasma membrane on its tail?

A

To protect sperm against extracellular injuries & to respond to physiological challenges.

42
Q

True or False: The optimum temperature for sperm cell production is higher than the normal body temperature.

A

FALSE. Optimum temperature is 34 degrees, lower than the normal body temperature of 37 degrees.

43
Q

What is the optimum temperature for the sperm cell to survive?

A

20 degrees Celsius, 15-30 minutes after ejaculation

44
Q

True or False: If the sperm is ejaculated, it can live for up to 5 days inside a female’s vagina.

A

TRUE

45
Q

Up to how many days can a sperm live in a male’s body if it is not ejaculated?

A

74 days

46
Q

How long can a sperm cell live if it is released into the open?

A

20-30 minutes?

47
Q

What are the internal parts of the female reproductive system?

A

Ovaries, fallopian tubes, uterus, vagina, cervix

48
Q

These paired organs produce the egg and secrete hormones.

A

Ovaries

49
Q

These organs catch the egg from the ovary and transport it to the uterus.

A

Fallopian tubes

50
Q

This organ is the site of fertilization.

A

Fallopian tubes

51
Q

Fallopian tubes are also called…?

A

Oviducts

52
Q

It is the site of implantation.

A

Uterus

53
Q

What is the lining of the uterus called?

A

Endometrium

54
Q

This organ allows entry of sperm and exit of baby at birth.

A

Vagina

55
Q

It facilitates the passes of sperm into the uterine cavity.

A

Cervix

56
Q

What are 3 external genitalia of the female reproductive system?

A

Labia majora, labia minora, clitoris

57
Q

They are modified sweat glands used for milk production.

A

Mammary glands

58
Q

How many glandular lobes can be found in each breast?

A

15-20 glandular lobes

59
Q

What is the active hormone in mammary glands?

A

Prolactin

60
Q

What is the role of the prolactin hormone?

A

For inducing milk production

61
Q

It is a hormone that stimulates the contraction of cells in the mammary glands to help secrete milk.

A

Oxytocin

62
Q

True or False: Oxytocin is the hormone that induces uterine contractions in labor and childbirth.

A

TRUE

63
Q
A

Human Reproduction (5 decks)

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