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BI233 Lab > Reproductive System Anatomy > Flashcards

Reproductive System Anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

Identify the Structure

A

Scrotum

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2
Q

Identify the structure

A

Glans penis

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3
Q

Identify the structure

A

Prepuce (foreskin)

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4
Q

Identify the structure

A

External urethral orifice

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5
Q

Identify the structure

A

Inguinal canal

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6
Q

Identify the structure

A

Corpus cavernosum

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7
Q

Identify the structure

A

Corpus spongiosum

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8
Q

Identify the structure

A

Testes

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9
Q

Identify the structure

A

Seminiferous tubules

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10
Q

Identify the structure

A

Rete testes

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11
Q

Identify the structure

A

Epididymis

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12
Q

Identify the structure

A

Vas deferens

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13
Q

Identify the structure

A

Vas deferens ampulla

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14
Q

Identify the structure

A

Seminal vesicle

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15
Q

Identify the structure

A

Ejaculatory duct

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16
Q

Identify the structure

A

Prostate gland

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17
Q

Identify the structure

A

Bulbourethral gland

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18
Q

Identify the structure

A

Urinary bladder

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19
Q

Identify the structure

A

Prostatic urethra

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20
Q

Identify the structure

A

Membranous urethra

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21
Q

Identify the structure

A

Penile urethra

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22
Q

List the major components of seminal fluid and their functions.

A
  1. Fructose - ATP production
  2. Prostoglandins - Sperm motility and viability
  3. Clotting Proteins - Coagulation of semen
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23
Q

List the major components of prostatic fluid and their functions.

A
  • Calcium, Citrate, and Phosphate ions
  • Enzymes - Clotting & Protein hydrolyzing
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24
Q

What is secreted by the bulbourethral gland and what is its function?

A

Mucus - Newtralizes urea and lubricates

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25
What erectile tissue does the penlie urethra travel through?
Corpus spongiosum
26
List the structures located in the spermatic cord.
* Testicular artery * Pampinoform plexus of veins * Autonomic nerves * Lymphatic vessels * Vas deferens
27
Where are sperm made?
Seminiferous tubules
28
Where are sperm stored?
Epididymis
29
What moves the sperm through the epididymis and vas deferens?
Peristaltic contractions
30
What is the function of the cilia in the epididymis?
Monitor and adjust fluid composition
31
What is the function of steroli cells?
* Maintain blood testis barrier * Supports mitosis & meiosis * Supports spermatogenesis * Secretes inhibin * Secretes androgen-binding protein * Secretes mullerian-inhibiting factor
32
What hormone stimulates the sertoli cells?
FSH - Follicle Stimulating Hormone
33
Sertoli cells produce ___________ (concentrates testosterone in the seminiferous tubules).
Androgen-binding protein
34
When sperm production is too high, Sertoli cells secrete \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_, which inhibits the secretion of FSH and GnRH.
Inhibin
35
Interstitial cells (Leydig cells) produce the hormone \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_, when stimulated by the __________ (from the pituitary gland).
Testosterone; Luteinizing hormone
36
Identify the structures
1. Sperm in lumen 2. Pseudostratified columnar epithelium 3. Stereocilia
37
Identify the structures
1. Corpus cavernosum 2. Corpus spongiosum 3. Penile urethra
38
Identify the structures
1. Seminiferous tubule 2. Leydig cells 3. Sperm 4. Sertoli cells 5. Spermatazoa 6. Spermatogonia
39
Identify the red arrow
Tunica albuginea
40
Name the structure and identify each part
Vas Deferens 1. Lumen 2. Pseudostratified columnar epithelium 3. Smooth muscle
41
Where does spermatogenesis take place?
Seminiferous tubules
42
Sort the following in the correct order, from least mature to most mature: * Spermatids * Primary Spermatocyte * Functional Sperm * Secondary Spermatocyte * Spermatogonia
1. Spermatogonia 2. Primary Spermatocyte 3. Secondary Spermatocyte 4. Spermatids 5. Functional Sperm
43
Which of these undergoes mitosis? * Spermatids * Primary Spermatocyte * Functional Sperm * Secondary Spermatocyte * Spermatogonia
Spermatogonia - Resulting in 2 primary spermatocytes
44
Which of the following are 2n (46 chromosomes) and which are 1n? * Spermatids * Primary Spermatocyte * Functional Sperm * Secondary Spermatocyte * Spermatogonia
2n - Spermatogonia, Primary Spermatocyte 1n - Secondary Spermatocyte
45
What is the difference between the terms spermatogenesis and spermiogenesis?
Spermatogenesis: The production of sperm cells through a series of mitotic and meiotic cell divisions; male gametogenesis. Spermiogenesis: Maturation of spermatids into sperm cells.
46
What is capacitation? Where does this occur?
Occurs when the glycoprotein coat of sperm Acrosome is removed in the female reproductive tract allowing the sperm to penetrate the oocyte.
47
Describe the contents of the head, midpiece, and tail of spermatozoa.
Head - Acrosome: Hyaluronidase Nucleus: Haploid set of chromosomes Midpiece - Contain mitochondria that produce ATP to move tail. Tail - Only flagellum in human body Whiplike organelle that moves cell
48
Type of epithelium in the vagina
Stratified squamous epithelium
49
Identify the structure
Fornix
50
Identify structure B
Vestibular glands
51
Identify the structure
Perineum
52
Identify the structure
Mons pubis
53
Identify the structures of C, F, G, and J
C - Clitoris F - Labia majora G - Labia minora J - Vaginal orifice
54
Identify the structure
Prepuce
55
Identify the structure
External urethral orifice
56
Identify the structures
1. Body of uterus 2. Vagina 3. Cervix 4. Cervical canal 5. Fundus 6. Endometrium 7. Myometrium 8. Perimetrium 9. External os 10. Internal os
57
Identify the structures
Ovary
58
Identify the structures
1. Fallopian tubes 2. Ovary 3. Infundibulum 4. Fimbriae
59
Identify the structures
Fallopian ampulla
60
Identify the structures
Isthmus
61
Identify the structures
Ovarian ligament
62
Identify the structures
Broad ligament
63
Identify the structures
1. Endometrium 2. Stratum functionalis 3. Endometrial glands 4. Simple columnar epithelium 5. Stratum basalis 6. Myometrium
64
What is the function of the cilia in the fallopian tubes?
Move ovum/zygote toward the uterus.
65
Identify the structures
Endometrial glands
66
Identify the slide and structures containing what cells
Slide: Ovary Cells: Simple squamous/cuboidal 1. Primordial follicle 2. Primary oocyte 3. Primary follicle
67
Identify the slide and structures
Slide: Primary follice 1. Granulosa cells 2. Primary oocyte 3. Zona pellucida 4. Thecal cells
68
Identify the slide and structures
Slide: Secondary follicle 1. Thecal cells 2. Zona pellucida 3. Antrum 4. Primary oocyte 5. Granulosa cells
69
Identify the slide and structures
Slide: Tertiary follicle 1. Antrum 2. Granulosa cells 3. Corona radiata 4. Secondary oocyte 5. Thecal cells 6. Zona pellucida
70
Which cells does FSH stimulate?
Ovaries
71
What hormone do the granulosa and thecal cells secrete?
Thecal cells: Testosterone Granulosa cells: Estrogen
72
Which hormone causes the Graafian (tertiary) follicle to rupture?
Luteinizing hormone
73
What is the corpus luteum?
Follicle after ovulation also called the yellow body because of its yellow color.
74
What 2 hormones are secreted by the corpus luteum to mature and maintain the endometrium?
Progesterone and Estradiol
75
Identify parts of the Ovarian cycle
1. FSH 2. LH 3. GnRH 4. Estrogen 5. Inhibin 6. Progesterone
76
Identify the structures
1. Adipose tissue 3. Lobes 4. Alveoli 6. Areola 7. Nipple 8. Lactiferous sinuses 9. Lactiferous ducts 10. Lobules
77
What muscle is deep to the breast tissue?
Pectoralis major
78
Where are the lymphatics that drain the breasts located?
Axillary lymph nodes drain lymph vessels from lateral quadrant
79
What hormone from the pituitary gland promotes synthesis of milk?
Prolactin
80
Which hormone from the posterior pituitary gland stimulates milk ejection?
Oxytocin
81
Sort the following in the correct order from least mature to most mature (Oogenesis): * Ovum * Primary oocyte * Secondary oocyte * Oogonia
1. Oogonia 2. Primary oocyte 3. Secondary oocyte 4. Ovum
82
Which one is ovulated?
Secondary oocyte
83
Which one occurs after sperm penetration, and before fusion of the male and female pronuclei?
Ovum
84
What is a polar body?
A means of discarding the extra haploid set of chromosomes
85
Haploid
Daughter cells with 23 unpaired chromosomes
86
Diploid
Parent cells with 46 chromosomes
87
Homologous chromosomes
46 chromosomes in 23 pairs
88
How many pairs of homologous chromosomes are in humans?
23
89
Sister chromatids
Identical copies formed by the replication of a chromosome
90
Tetrad
The line up of paternal and maternal sister chromatids
91
What process occurs in the gonads to form a haploid number of chromosomes?
Meiosis
92
Synapsis
The fusion of chromosome pairs at the start of meiosis
93
In what phase of meiosis does synapsis occur?
Prophase 1
94
Crossing Over
The paternal and maternal chromosomes exchange segments of DNA

BI233 Lab (5 decks)

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