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Year 8 Science > Reproductive system > Flashcards

Reproductive system Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

organs that produce sperm and sex hormones

A

testes

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2
Q

pouch of skin containing testes. It hangs outside the body to keep the sperm cooler than normal body temperature.

A

scrotum

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3
Q

sacs containing egg cells

A

follicles

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4
Q

tiny tubes joining the ovaries to the uterus. Fertilisation occurs in one of these tubes.

A

fallopian tubes

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5
Q

penetration of the ovum by a sperm

A

fertilisation

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6
Q

joining together of male and female reproductive cells

A

sexual reproduction

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7
Q

reproductive cells (sperm or ova) containing half the genetic information of normal cells

A

gametes

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8
Q

male reproductive cell. It consists of a head, a middle section and a tail used to swim towards the egg.

A

sperm

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9
Q

female gametes or sex cells. Singular = ovum.

A

ova

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10
Q

a cell formed by the fusion of two gametes; fertilised ovum before it starts to divide into more cells

A

zygote

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11
Q

reproduction where the eggs are released by the female into the water and fertilised by sperm released nearby

A

external fertilisation

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12
Q

reproduction where the egg remains in the female and is fertilised by sperm inserted into the FEMA

A

internal fertilisation

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13
Q

the act of inserting sperm into the female; also called sexual intercourse or mating

A

copulation

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14
Q

act of inserting sperm into the female; also called copulation or mating

A

sexual intercourse

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15
Q

cell division process that results in new cells with half the number of chromosomes of the original cell

A

meiosis

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16
Q

a new branch of science that involves studying the effect of our experiences on the expression of our genetic information

A

epigenetics

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17
Q

genetic material passed on from both parents, from the nucleus of both the sperm and the ovum

A

nuclear DNA

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18
Q

genetic material from the mitochondria passed on only from the mother

A

mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA)

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19
Q

release of sperm

A

ejaculation

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20
Q

combination of fluid and sperm

A

semen

21
Q

twins developed from the same fertilised egg

A

identical twins

22
Q

twins developed from different fertilised eggs

A

fraternal twins

23
Q

the reproductive part of angiosperms containing petals, stamens and carpels. They are often colourful to attract pollinating insects.

A

flowers

24
Q

the coloured parts of a flower that attract insects

A

petals

25
Q

parts of a flower, at the base of the petals, that secrete nectar

A

nectaries

26
Q

the fine powder containing the pollen grains (the male sex cells of a plant)

A

pollen

27
Q

the female part of a flower, at the top of the carpel, that catches the pollen during pollination

A

stigma

28
Q

transfer of pollen from the stamen (the male part) of a flower to the stigma (the female part) of a flower

A

pollination

29
Q

transfer of pollen from the flower’s own stamen to its stigma

A

self-pollination

30
Q

transfer of pollen from stamens of one flower to the stigma of a flower of another plant of the same species

A

cross-pollination

31
Q

body parts of insects from other flowers

A

insect-pollinated flowers

32
Q

flowers that receive pollen carried on the flower that receives pollen carried by the wind from another flower

A

wind-pollinated flowers

33
Q

the male part of a flower that makes pollen

A

anthers

34
Q

the male gametes of a flower

A

pollen grains

35
Q

long tube growing from a pollen grain through the style to the ovule

A

pollen tube

36
Q

the supporting part of a flower that holds the stigma

A

style

37
Q

receptacle within an ovary that contains egg cells

A

ovules

38
Q

in plants, the hollow, lower end of the carpel containing the ovules (the female egg cells); in animals, the female organ that produces ova and reproductive hormones

A

ovary

39
Q

penetration of the ovum by a sperm

A

fertilisation

40
Q

food supply for the embryo plant in a seed

A

endosperm

41
Q

product of a fertilised ovule

A

seed

42
Q

the protective layer around a seed

A

seed coat

43
Q

the ripened ovary of a flower, enclosing seeds

A

fruit

44
Q

scatter the seeds from plants

A

disperse

45
Q

small bud at the tip of the embryo plant in a seed

A

plumule

46
Q

the beginnings of a root making up a part of a plant embryo inside a seed

A

radicle

47
Q

special leaves of the embryo plant inside a seed that provides food for the developing seedling

A

cotyledons

48
Q

the first sign of growth from the seed of a plant

A

germination

49
Q

the young plant produced from the embryo in the seed after germination

A

seedling

Year 8 Science (5 decks)

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