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Anatomy and Physiology > Reproductive System > Flashcards

Reproductive System Flashcards

1
Q

genetic material of coiled up masses of DNA in the nuclei

A

chromosomes

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2
Q

chromosomes are

A

always even and always in pairs

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3
Q

Female chromosomes

A

XX

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4
Q

male chromosomes

A

XY

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5
Q

male gonads

A

testes

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6
Q

long thin cells with head midpiece and tail

A

sperm

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7
Q

band of connective tissue that attaches testes to scrotum

A

gubernaculum

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8
Q

houses testes and regulates their temperature

A

scrotum

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9
Q

spermatic cords

A

pampiniform plexus

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10
Q

2 layers of connective tissue that surround testes and spermatic cord

A

tunics

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11
Q

beneath tunics fibrous connective tissue capsule

A

tunica albuginea

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12
Q

divide testes into 2 lobules

A

septa

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13
Q

spermatogenesis takes place in U shaped tube

A

seminiferous tubules

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14
Q

support developing sperms and shield from body’s immune system

A

sertoli cells

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15
Q

flat ribbon like structure that lies along surface of tested used for storage for sperm and maturity

A

epididymis

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16
Q

moves sperm from epididymis up to urethra when ejaculation occurs

A

Vas Deferens

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17
Q

sperm and secretions from glands

A

semen

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18
Q

male breeding organ

A

penis

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19
Q

what is the penis made up of

A

muscle, erectile tissue, connective tissue, blood, and nerves

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20
Q

2 bands attach penis to pelvis

A

roots

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21
Q

2 bundles of erectile tissue

A

body

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22
Q

distal end of the penis

A

glans

23
Q

sheath of skin that encloses the penis

A

prepuce

24
Q

S shape that straightens when penis is erect

A

sigmoid flexure

25
Q

what pulls penis back after ejaculation

A

retractor penis muscle

26
Q

functions of female repro system

A

sex hormones, develops gametes, receives male gametes, fertilization, grow and develop embryo

27
Q

supports ovaries

A

mesovarium

28
Q

supports oviducts

A

mesosalpinx

29
Q

supports uterus

A

mesometrium

30
Q

female gonads that produce gametes and hormones

A

ovaries

31
Q

produce one ovum per cycle (horses, cattle, humans)

A

uniparous

32
Q

produce multiple ova per cycle (dogs, cats, sows)

A

multiparous

33
Q

formed from cells lining corpus hemorrhagicum and produces progestins to maintain pregnancy

A

corpus luteum

34
Q

funnel like portion of fallopian tube closest to ovaries

A

infundibulum

35
Q

finger-like structures that reach out to the ovary

A

fimbriae

36
Q

hollow, muscular organ that holds embryo and creates placenta

A

uterus

37
Q

parts of uterus

A

horns, body, cervix

38
Q

layers of the uterus

A

endometrium, myometrium, perimetrium

39
Q

smooth muscle sphincter connected to uterus

A

cervix

40
Q

muscular tube that receives penis, birth canal

A

vagina

41
Q

outer portion of female repro system

A

vulva, labia, clitoris

42
Q

heat period

A

estrous cycle

43
Q

estrous cycles throughout the year (cattle, pigs, mice)

A

polyestrous

44
Q

multiple estrous cycles in seasonally times of the year (horses, sheep, goats)

A

seasonally polyestrous

45
Q

one estrous cycle per year (dogs, wolves, foxes)

A

monoestrous

46
Q

period between cycles

A

diestrous

47
Q

provides oxygen and nutrients to a baby en utero

A

placenta

48
Q

tube that provides nutrients to embryo

A

umbilical cord

49
Q

proestrus

A

follicle and endometrium development, thickening of the oviduct, uterus, and vagina, vagina lines itself with keratin to protect during breeding

50
Q

estrus

A

“heat” period, pheromones are released to attract male for breeding

51
Q

metestrus

A

third stage in cycle, sexual inactivity, formation of corpus luteum, progesterone is released and uterine wall becomes thick for implantation

52
Q

diestrus

A

last stage before next cycle, fully functional corpus luteum and increase of progesterone

53
Q

anestrus

A

period of sexual rest

Anatomy and Physiology (6 decks)

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